FungalpediaNote

Fungalpedia – Note 105 Agaricus   Agaricus L. Citation when using this entry: Bera et al., in prep – Fungalpedia, Basidiomycota, genera, and terminology. Mycosphere. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Figs 1, 2 Agaricus was introduced in 1753 and belongs to Agaricaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes (He et al. 2019). The genus includes over 500 species worldwide, with Agaricus campestris L. as the type species. Agaricus is a saprobic genus found in forests and grasslands. The genus is characterized by white to pink free lamellae when young, brown to dark brown when mature, and with an annulated stipe. There are approximately 6,000 records of Agaricus in Index Fungorum (www.indexfungorum.org; accessed in May 2023). The genus is divided into sections based on molecular phylogenetic and morphological characteristics. The taxonomy system of Agaricus is complex. The schäffer reaction, alkali reaction, discoloration of sporocarp [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 542, Aggregatorygma   Aggregatorygma M. Cáceres, Aptroot & Lücking Citation when using this data: Tibpromma et al. 2024 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Lichenicolous fungi. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1  Classification: Graphidaceae, Ostropales, Ostropomycetidae, Lecanoromycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi.  Caceres et al. (2014) proposed Aggregatorygma (Graphidaceae, Ostropales, and Lecanoromycetes) based on molecular, morphological, and anatomical characteristics, with the type species Aggregatorygma triseptatum. Members of the genus Aggregatorygma have the following morphological characteristics: thallus are epiperidermal, corticolous, continuous, minutely farinose surface, light greyish green, and prothallus white (Caceres et al. 2014). The thallus in the section has a thick photobiont layer and a thick medulla and is covered with tiny, gray crystals that are encrusted and do not dissolve in K. Photobiont trentepohlia are green, spherical to irregularly shaped cells in irregular groupings. Ascomata lirellate has thin, barely noticeable [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 7 Alascospora   Alascospora Raja, Violi & Shearer   Citation if using this entry: Fahalli et al. (2023) New genera in 2010-2011. Mycosphere (in press) Index Fungorum Identifier 514031, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Freshwaterfungi.org, Fig 1. Based on unique morphological characteristics Alascospora, a freshwater ascomycete, was introduced in Pleosporales incertae sedis (Pleosporomycetidae, Dothideomycetes), by Raja et al. (2010). The sole species of the genus Alascospora evergladensis was isolated from submerged dead petioles of Nymphaea odorata, during an investigation of aquatic fungi along a phosphorus gradient in the Florida Everglades. The fungus produces light brown, translucent, and membranous ostiolate perithecia. Dark and amorphous material is irregularly deposited on the peridium, especially around the ostiole. Asci are globose, fissitunicate, and thick-walled. Ascospores are 1-septate and hyaline when young, and enclosed by a hyaline gelatinous sheath that resembles two wings (Raja [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 143 Albatrellus   Albatrellus Gray  Citation if using this entry: Bera et al. (in prep) – Fungalpedia, Basidiomycota 1. Mycosphere. Index Fungorum, MycoBank, Facesoffungi, GenBank, Fig. 1 Albatrellaceae, Russulales, Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota, Fungi Albatrellus was described by S.F. Gray (1821) based on Albatrellus albidus Gray in his work “A Natural Arrangement of British Plants". The poroid hymenophore of Albatrellus initially placed the genus under the order Polyporales (Kirk et al. 2001). However, as the study progressed combining the morphology and the molecular data, Albatrellus was revealed to be polyphyletic (Bruns et al. 1998, Zheng & Liu 2008). The primary phylogenetic analyses based on the mitochondrial large subunit rRNA gene placed some species of Albatrellus closely related to the members of the family Russulaceae (Bruns et al. 1998). Based on further studies dealing with other [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 291, Albifimbria   Albifimbria L. Lombard & Crous Citation when using this entry: Perera et al. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, genera described in 2016.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Stachybotryaceae, Hypocreales, Hypocreomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi Lombard et al. (2016) erected Albifimbria to accomodate Myrothecium verrucaria (= Peziza verrucaria) and other three taxa that clustered distant to the Myrothecium s.str. clade in the phylogenetic analysis of cmdA, ITS, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 regions. Albifimbria species were isolated from soil, dead hardwood, leaf of Solanum tubersum and basidioma of a resupinate polypore (Lombard et al. 2016). The genus is characterized by sporodochial conidiomata or simple conidiophores. Simple conidiophores emerge directly from superficial hyphae and, are dolliform, reniform or allantoid, and hyaline with smooth-walls. Sporodochia are stromatic, superficial, cupulate to discoid, scattered to gregarious [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 12 Alborbis   Citation: Bhunjun et al. 2023 – Fungalpedia, genera described in 2018, Mycosphere (in press)   Alborbis Crous Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Alborbis galericulata was previously introduced as Cryptodiaporthe galericulata, but it is phylogenetically and morphologically different from the type species of Cryptodiaporthe (Kruys & Castlebury 2012). Based on phylogenetic analysis of ITS, LSU, tef and rpb2 sequences, A. galericulata formed a clade in Sydowiellaceae (Senanayake et al. 2017). Hence, the monophyletic genus Alborbis was introduced by Senanayake et al. (2017), with a single species A. galericulata. It is classified under Sordariomycetes, Diaporthomycetidae, Diaporthales, Sydowiellaceae (Senanayake et al. 2017). The name of this genus means the ascomata opens up to the surface of its host through a whiten disk, which is derived from two Latin words “alba” and “orbis” (Senanayake et al. 2017). The type [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 421, Alessioporus   Alessioporus (Alessio, Galli & Littini) Gelardi, Vizzini & Simonini Citation when using this data: Tibpromma et al. 2024 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Macrofungi. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1  Classification: Boletaceae, Boletales, Agaricomycetidae, Agaricomycetes, Agaricomycotina, Basidiomycota, Fungi. Alessioporus was introduced by Gelardi et al. (2014) based on morphological, macro-chemical reactions (25% NH4OH, 30% KOH, FeSO4), and molecular (ITS, LSU, tef-1 α) observations with Alessioporus ichnusanus as the type species. Later, Alessioporus rubriflavus was reported by Frank et al. (2017). This genus is characterized by basidiomes, which are pileate-stipitate with tubular-poroid hymenophore, epigeal, and small to medium-small. The spores are olive-brown, thin-walled, smooth, ellipsoidal to ellipsoidal-fusoid. The pileipell is a trichoderm of interwoven. No clamp connections grow larger, can branch with up to 12 basidiomes, and can be found solitary, scattered, [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 474, Alfaria    Alfaria Crous, Montaño-Mata & García-Jim. Citation when using this data: Tibpromma et al. 2024 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Fungal pathogens. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1  Classification: Incertae sedis, Hypocreales, Hypocreomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi. Alfaria was first recorded by Crous et al. (2014) as a plant pathogenic fungus associated with leaf tip dieback and tuber rot with Alfaria cyperi-esculenti as the type species based on both morphological and molecular studies (ITS and LSU). Both sexual and asexual morphs are recorded and have been reported as saprobic and pathogenic fungi on several hosts (Crous et al. 2014, Lombard et al. 2016, Jayawardena et al. 2018). Alfaria is characterized by globose ascomata, black, immersed; unitunicate asci, fasciculate, subcylindrical with obtuse apices with 2–8 ascospores; fusoid-ellipsoid ascospores, hyaline, 0–3-septate while, asexual morph comprises [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 66 Allantophomopsiella   Allantophomopsiella Crous Citation when using this data: Huanraluek et al. Fungalpedia, coelomycetes. Mycosphere (in prep). Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Coelomycetes.org, Fig 1. Allantophomopsiella was described based on ITS and LSU sequence data and was transferred to Leotiomycetes (Phacidiaceae, Phacidiales, Leotiomycetidae) (Li et al. 2020).   Allantophomopsiella is a monotypic genus (https://www.indexfungorum.org/Names/Names.asp on 18 May 2023). Conidiomata of this genus are pycnidial, immersed, septate conidiophores arise from the inner layer of the conidiomata, conidiogenous cells are integrated or discrete, ampulliform to subcylindrical or lageniform, hyaline and conidia are ellipsoid to fusiform, hyaline, smooth, aseptate, guttulate, bearing mucoid apical appendages, flabelliform to irregular in shape (Crous et al. 2014, Li et al. 2020). This genus is distributed in Austria, Canada, Germany, Latvia, Sweden, the UK, and the USA (Crous et al. 2015, Li et al. 2020). Allantophomopsiella is morphologically related to [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 150, Alleppeysporonites (Fossil Fungi)   Alleppeysporonites Ramanujam & K.P. Rao. Citation when using this data: Saxena RK & Hyde KD. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, Fossil Fungi.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Ascomycota incertae cedis  The monotypic fossil genus, Alleppeysporonites, was described from the Quilon and Warkalli beds (Miocene, 23–5 mya) of Kerala along the west coast of South India. It was also rarely seen in the clay samples of the Padappakkara area (Ramanujam & Rao 1978). Alleppeysporonites was diagnosed as follows: “Spores branched, brownish, multicellular, inaperturate, septa transverse, and branches one or two per spore, gently curved. Basal and terminal cells each have a conspicuous appendage. The spore wall is psilate to scabrate.” The branched nature and the presence of appendages are essential features of this spore type. The fossil taxon resembles the [...]