FungalpediaNote

Fungalpedia – Note 270,  Abieticola   Abieticola Hyang B. Lee. Citation when using this entry: Perera et al. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, genera described in 2016. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Xylariaceae, Xylariales, Xylariomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi Lee et al. (2016) introduced the monotypic hyphomycetous genus Abieticola to accommodate A. koreana, based on the phylogeny of ITS, LSU, rpb2, and tub2 markers. Abieticola koreana is an endophytic species isolated from inner bark of Abies holophylla (Lee et al. 2016). Abieticola is distinguished by stromata that typically form on PDA, resembling tiny clubs with white heads and blackish brown exudates oozing out along the lower stalk. Synnemata are generally erect but curving with age, with knotted hyphae of variable thickness, brown to yellow in color, and functioning as conidiophores. One or two (occasionally [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 1534, Abrothallales   Abrothallales. Pérez-Ort. & Suija. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank Classification: Incertae sedis, Dothideomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi   Abrothallales was established by Pérez-Ortega and Suija (in Pérez-Ortega et al. 2014) based on its monophyletic placement and morphological distinctness within the class Dothideomycetes. Diederich et al. (in Hyde et al. 2013) had introduced Lichenoconiales, which Liu et al. (2017) recovered as a sister clade of Abrothallales, raising the question of whether both orders should be maintained. Diederich et al. (2018) synonymized Lichenoconiales with Abrothallales and tentatively Lichenoconiaceae with Abrothallaceae. Pérez-Ortega and Suija agreed with Diederich et al. (2018) to use the name Abrothallales since Abrothallus is the most outstanding, easily recognizable and better-known genus of the group. Lichenoconiaceae is the older name, therefore, we retain Lichenoconiaceae over Abrothallaceae. Abrothallales contains species which are lichenicolous, parasymbiontic or parasitic on macrolichens from a single family Abrothallaceae (Pérez-Ortega et al. 2014; Wijayawardene et al 2017).   Type family: Abrothallaceae Pérez-Ort. & Suija, in [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 1550, Abrothallus   Abrothallus. De Not. = Vouauxiomyces Dyko & D. Hawksw., Lichenologist 11(1): 57 (1979). Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank – 42 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2020), 20 species with molecular data. Classification: Abrothallaceae, Abrothallales, Incertae sedis, Dothideomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi   Notes: De Notaris described Abrothallus as a lichenized taxon (De Notaris 1846, 1849). Tulasne (1852) and Lindsay (1857) unequivocally established its lichenicolous habit. Suija et al. (2018) fixed the nomenclatural problems concerning the exact date of publication, confirming A. bertianus as the type species. They also reviewed the material described by Giuseppe De Notaris, Søren Christian Sommerfelt, and Ignaz Kotte lectotypifying Abrothallus species described by these authors (Suija et al. 2018). These authors also introduced the combination A. santessonii (≡ Vouauxiomyces santessonii), providing an updated description for this taxon. Pérez-Ortega et al. (2011) established the connection between the sexual and asexual morphs. The number [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 47 Abstoma   Abstoma G. Cunn Citation if using this entry: Bera et al. (2023) Basidiomycota. Mycosphere (in prep) Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 The genus Abstoma was established by Cunningham (1926) under the family Lycoperdaceae incorporating the characters such as basidiomes without any determined stoma, a wavy capillitium, a peridium rupturing irregularly, and basidiospores with reticulate ornamentation. Later, both the smooth-surfaced and ornamented basidiospores were incorporated under Abstoma (Wright & Suárez 1990). Other characteristics of this genus that make it quite unique are its globose-shaped, deeply coloured basidiospores with conspicuous to obsolete pedicels, short and smooth threads of capillitium, and an exoperidium often intermixed with sand particles (Cunningham 1926, Wright & Suárez 1990, Gube & Dörfelt 2011). Abstoma represents the gasteroid macrofungi and is placed under the [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 39 Abundisporus   Abundisporus Ryvarden Index Fungorum, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 The genus Abundisporus Ryvarden typified by A. fuscopurpureus (Pers.) Ryvarden was established in 1998 while studying the diversity of the poroid mushrooms of tropical Africa (Ryvarden 1998). The basidiocarps are mostly of pileate to resupinate habit (Ryvarden 1998, Zhao et al. 2015). The context is usually of a range of colours from umber brown to greyish to purplish brown (Ryvarden 1998, Zhao et al. 2015). The hyphal system is dimitic with pale brown to yellow skeletal hyphae (Ryvarden 1998, Zhao et al. 2015). The basidiospores of this genus are generally pale yellowish, slightly thick-walled, ellipsoid, and non-dextrinoid (Ryvarden 1998, Zhao et al. 2015). The tissues of Abundisporus turns brownish on reaction with Potassium hydroxide (Zhao et al. 2015). Taxonomic studies revealed that [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 63 Acanthofungus   Acanthofungus Sheng H. Wu, Boidin & C.Y. Chien Citation if using this entry: Bera et al. (2023) Basidiomycota. Mycosphere (in prep)   Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 The whitish, resupinate, pulvinate, and deeply cracked basidiomata of this wood-decaying basidiomycete is reminiscent of Xylobolus frustulatus (Pers.) P. Karst (Wu et al. 2000). After being documented first from an endemic gymnosperm tree (Calocedrus formosna) in Taiwan, monosporous and polysporous cultures were prepared (Wu et al. 2000). Based on the cultural and morphological characteristics, Acanthofungus was introduced, and typified by A. rimosus Sheng H. Wu, Boidin & C.Y. Chien under the family Stereaceae (Wu et al. 2000). The appearance of the basidiomata is composed of many orbicular patches and pieces (Wu et al. 2000). The hymenium shows distinct thickening with a [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 820, Acanthonitschkea   Acanthonitschkea Speg. Citation when using this data: Huang SK et al. 2021 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Ascomycota. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Nitschkiaceae, Coronophorales, Hypocreomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi Saprobic on wood or lichen. Sexual morph: Subiculum composed of numerous, brown to black, branched, septate, sinuous hyphae with metallic iridescence; or rigid, straight or slightly sinuous, unbranched, aseptate, brown to black spines with metallic iridescence form a dense barricade. Ascomata perithecial or without an external opening, scattered or gregarious, semi-immersed or erumpent or superficial, sitting on or in a subiculum, carbonaceous, coriaceous or membranaceous, brown to black, turbinate, cupuliform to subglobose, tuberculate, with spines similar to those on the mycelium, the apex collapsing, with periphyses inside of the inconspicuous ostioles or lacking ostioles, with or Quellkörper absent. Peridium outer layer composed [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 1261, Acaroconium   Acaroconium Kocourk. & D. Hawksw. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig 1 Classification: Incertae sedis, Incertae sedis, Incertae sedis, Incertae sedis, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi   Lichenicolous. Sexual morph: Undetermined. Asexual morph: Conidiomata pycnidial, single, or sometimes gregarious, immersed to partly erumpent, subglobose, black, ostiolate, with a distinctly thickened, ostiolar collar. Conidiomata wall composed of polyhedral angular pseudoparenchymatous cells. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells enteroblastic, not proliferating and lacking annellations, broadly short-ampulliform, apex with a periclinal thickened collar, hyaline. Conidia single, ellipsoid, rounded at both ends, aseptate, hyaline at maturity, becoming pale brown at maturity while inside the pycnidial cavity, smooth-walled (description modified from Kocourková and Hawksworth 2008). Notes: Kocourková and Hawksworth (2008) introduced Acaroconium with A. punctiforme as the type species. Acaroconium morphologically [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 112 Achrochaeta   Achrochaeta Réblová & Hern. -Restr. Citation when using this entry: Silva et al., in prep – Fungalpedia, Sordariomycetidae. Mycosphere. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig 1 Achrochaeta was introduced by Réblová et al. (2021) as a monotypic genus to accommodate Achrochaeta talbotii (S. Hughes, W.B. Kendr. & Shoemaker). Réblová & Hern.-Restr., isolated from decaying wood collected from New Zealand (Réblová et al. 2021). The phylogenetic analysis using ITS and 28S sequences revealed that their isolate clustered with Chaetosphaeria talbotii, representing a novel lineage in the Chaetosphaeriaceae separating it from Dictyochaeta. Therefore, C. talbotii was synonymized under a new genus Achrochaeta (Réblová et al. 2021). Morphologically, it is characterized by its sexual and asexual morphs. The sexual morph is a perithecial, astromatic ascomata with a carbonaceous ascomatal wall and periphysate ostioles. Paraphyses are hyaline and septate, [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 289, Achroiostachys   Achroiostachys L. Lombard & Crou Citation when using this entry: Perera et al. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, genera described in 2016. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Stachybotryaceae, Hypocreales, Hypocreomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi Lombard et al. (2016) erected the hyphomycetous genus Achroiostachys to accommodate a group of stachybotrys-like taxa that distantly related to Stachybotrys in the analysis of cmdA, ITS, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 sequences. Achroiostachys is characterized by macronematous, mononematous conidiophores that occur solitary or in clusters. Conidiophores are erect, 1–3-septate, unbranched or rarely branched, hyaline and thin-walled. The majority of them have smooth walls, though occasionally the base becomes slightly verrucose. Phialidic conidiogenous cells are occurring in apical cluster of 2–6 per conidiophore. Conidiogenous cells are elongate ampulliform to ventricose to [...]