FungalpediaNote

Fungalpedia - Note 9 Aquaperonospora   Aquaperonospora W.H. Ko   Citation if using this entry: Fahalli et al. (2023) New genera in 2010-2011. Mycosphere (in press) Index Fungorum Identifier 39014, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig 1 Aquaperonospora was introduced as a monotypic genus within Peronophythoraceae, Peronosporales (Ko et al. 2010). The type species Aquaperonospora taiwanensis was found in an irrigation ditch with leaf discs in Taiwan (Ko et al. 2010). The validity of the establishment of Aquaperonospora as a new genus was supported by the low sequence similarities in the ITS and 28S rDNA sequences between Aquaperonospora taiwanensis and representative species of other genera in the Peronosporales. Aquaperonospora taiwanensis is a fast-growing organism that exhibits Peronosporaceae and Pythiaceae characteristics. The species is homothallic and produced abundant oospores. It produces rigid and erect sporangiophores with dichotomous branches, and lemon-shaped sporangia formed synchronously on the terminal branchlets [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 65 Aquasubmersa   Aquasubmersa K.D. Hyde & Huang Zhang Citation when using this data: Huanraluek et al. Fungalpedia, coelomycetes. Mycosphere (in prep). Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Coelomycetes.org Fig 1.   Aquasubmersa was initially described as a coelomycetous genus (Aquasubmersaceae, Pleosporales, Pleosporomycetidae, Dothideomycetes), based on phylogenetic of nuclear rDNA small subunit (18S; SSU), internal transcribed spacer (ITS), large subunit (28S; LSU) regions translation elongation factor 1-  (tef1) and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2) gene (Zhang et al. 2012, Hashimoto et al. 2017, Li et al. 2020). This genus (with A. mircensis) was first found on submerged wood in freshwater habit, in Thailand (Zhang et al. 2012). The asexual morph of this genus has subglobose, semi-immersed to superficial pycnidia. Conidiogenous cells are determinate, formed from the inner cells of the pycnidial wall and conidia are ellipsoidal, hyaline, [...]

Fungalpedia-Note 141 Aquihelicascus Aquihelicascus W. Dong, H. Zhang & Doilom Citation when using this entry: Shah et al. (in prep) – Fungalpedia, new genera in 2020. Mycosphere Classification: Morosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales, Pleosporomycetidae, Dothideomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota             Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, freshwaterfungi.org, MycoBank, GenBank Fig 1.             Aquihelicascus was introduced by Hyde et al. (1998) to accommodate a new combination A. thalassioideus and two new species A. songkhlaensis and A. yunnanensis. The genus is saprobic on dead wood submerged in freshwater. The sexual morph is determined by submerged, grouped pseudostromata, visible on the host surface as ostiolar spots that might be uniloculate or multiloculate and have a flattened base. Ostioles are centered and globular and periphysate. Locules are compacted, subglobular to lenticular, or occasionally triangular, bear ostiolate papilla, and are submerged. Pseudoparaphyses are septate, hyaline, cellular, [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 219, Arachnomyces   Arachnomyces Mass. & Salm. Citation when using this entry: Weerasinghe et al. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, genera described in selected orders.             Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Arachnomycetaceae, Arachnomycetales, Eurotiomycetidae, Eurotiomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi Arachnomyces was introduced by Massee & Salmon (1902) to accommodate Arachnomyces nitidus as the type species, which was isolated from Plantis putridis in Yorkshire, Northern England. Arachnomyces are commonly found in fragments of rotting plants and rat feces (Massee & Salmon 1902). Additionally, it was found on dung compost and dead grass in Canada (Malloch & Cain 1970). Arachnomyces is morphologically characterized by hyaline mycelia with numerous ampulliform swellings. Perithecia are globose, shining, brittle, non-ostiolate, and produce several long, hair-like appendages. The appendages are septate, flexible, thick-walled, and even in diameter, except for the swollen base. Perithecia [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 94 Ascagilis   Ascagilis K.D. Hyde Citation when using this entry: Calabon et al., in prep – Fungalpedia, freshwater fungi. Mycosphere. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig 1. Ascagilis has sessile or stalked ascomata, cellular pseudoparaphyses, and 1-septate, brown ascospores mostly with a refractive mucilaginous pad at each end. Ascagilis was established by Hyde (1992) to accommodate A. bipolaris, which was isolated from submerged wood at the base of a waterfall in Australia. However, subsequent study led to the suppression of Ascagilis as its type species A. bipolaris was considered to belong in Jahnula (Hyde and Wong 1999). According to Dong et al. (2020), the presence of fusiform to ellipsoidal ascospores with bipolar pads is sufficient for distinguishing Ascagilis as a distinct genus based on their new collections, which is also supported by phylogenetic analysis. Ascagilis [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 212,  Ascochalara   Ascochalara Réblová. Citation when using this entry: Silva et al. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, Sordariomycetidae.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank,  GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Chaetosphaeriaceae, Chaetosphaeriales, Sordariomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi Ascochalara was introduced by Réblová (1999) as a monospecific genus, based on morphological characterization (Réblová 1999). Based on the perithecial wall, asci, paraphyses, and ascospores, and the chalara-like asexual morph, unique combinations of characteristics differentiate it from other known genera in Chaetosphaeriaceae (Réblová 1999). The type species, Ascochalara gabretae Réblová, was found as a saprobe underneath the bark of Abies alba, which is barely decomposed (Réblová 1999).  Conidiophores are dematiaceous hyphomycetes, macronematous, manonematous, unbranched, and erect, with phialide terminals that are paler than the base. The collarette is subhyaline to hyaline and cylindrical. Conidia are subcylindrical to wedge-shaped, forming short or long chains [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 154, Ascochytites (Fossil Fungi)    Ascochytites Barlinge & Paradkar. Citation when using this data: Saxena RK & Hyde KD. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, Fossil Fungi.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Botryosphaeriaceae, Botryosphaeriales, Ascomycota, Dothideomycetes, Fungi. Ascochytites was initially introduced Teterevnikova-Babaian & Taslakhchian (1973); however, its validity was compromised at that time due to a lack of illustration of the spores. Barlinge & Paradkar (1982) probably were not aware of this earlier publication when they proposed Ascochytites as a new genus, with A. intertrappeus as its type (Kalgutkar & Jansonius 2000). The monotypic fossil genus, Ascochytites, was described from the Deccan Intertrappean Series (Late Cretaceous, 75–66 mya) of Mohgaon Kalan, Chhindwara District, Madhya Pradesh, India. The genus is a saprophytic sphaeropsidaceous fungus with ostiolate pycnidia; hyphae septate, branched; conidiospores small (Saxena & Tripathi 2011). Two species are included in Index [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 84 Asterosporium   Asterosporium Kunze Citation when using this entry: Senanayake et al., in prep – Fungalpedia, Diaporthomycetidae. Mycosphere. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig 1. Asterosporium was introduced by Kunze (1819) based on A. hoffmannii Pers. Hughes (1958), regarded Stilbospora asterosperma Pers. as the older name for this taxon based on morphology. Thus, a new combination, Asterosporium asterospermum (Pers.) S. Hughes was proposed. Further, A. asterospermum and A. hoffmannii are phylogenetically identical according to molecular analysis (Hyde et al. 2020). Asterosporium species were previously assigned to Sordariomycetes genera incertae sedis based on molecular phylogeny (Tanaka et al. 2010). However, Wijayawardene et al. (2016) showed that Asterosporium species are related to Diaporthales based on a combined ITS and LSU sequence analyses and they placed the genus in Diaporthales genera incertae sedis (Norphanphoun et al. 2016, Jayawardena et al. [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 215, Asyregraamspora (Fossil Fungi)   Asyregraamspora Sal.-Cheb. & Locq.  Citation when using this entry: Saxena RK & Hyde KD. 2024 (in prep). – Fungalpedia, Fossil Fungi.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1              Classification: Fossil Fungi, Incertae sedis The monotypic fossil genus Asyregraamspora, was described by Salard-Cheboldaeff & Locquin in 1980 from the Early Miocene sediments of the Cameroon, Coast of Equatorial Africa, Gulf of Guinea. Asyregraamspora is characterized by slightly asymmetrical and more or less reticulate amerospores. The particle size was approximately 20 μm × 15 μm. Jansonius & Hills (1981) corrected the spelling of the type species from “Asyreamspora reticulata” (as given in the protologue by Salard-Cheboldaeff & Locquin 1980, p. 185) to Asyregraamspora reticulata (as per spelling of the generic name used by Salard-Cheboldaeff [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 132 Auricularia   Auricularia Bull. Citation if using this entry: Bera et al. (in prep) Basidiomycota. Mycosphere. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Basidiomycota, Agaricomycetes, Auriculariales, Auriculariaceae The Latin meaning of "Auricularia" translates to "ear-shaped things". This etymology aptly encapsulates the distinct appearance of the genus. Generally, all the species of this genus form gelatinous or jelly-like textured, ear-shaped, or sometimes shelf-like basidiocarps. Frequently recognized by the names "jelly ear fungus" and "wood ear fungus," Auricularia was introduced by Pierre Bulliard in 1780 to accommodate all similar-looking mushrooms (Persoon 1822). Persoon (1822) refined the genus classification to encompass two solely gelatinous species: Auricularia mesenterica (Dicks.) Pers., which subsequently became the designated type species, and A. sambuci Pers., later recognized as a synonym for A. auricula-juda. With the growing count of species, Barrett (1910) [...]