FungalpediaNote

Fungalpedia – Note 157, Brachysporisporites (Fossil Fungi)   Brachysporisporites R.T. Lange & P.H. Sm. 1971 Citation when using this data: Saxena RK & Hyde KD. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, Fossil Fungi.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Phragmosporae, Fossil Fungi.   Lange & Smith (1971) instituted Brachysporisporites from the Early-Middle Eocene (56–38 mya) sediments from Maslin Bay, South Australia with the following diagnosis: “Obovate, turbinate or pyriform, phaeophragmospores of several cells, the cells much broader than long in a sharply graded series of diminishing size from a large domed apical cell to a small hyaline attachment cell, with extremely dark thick bands of septa, similarly graded towards the attachment cell. Ediger (1981) has revised and improved the description of Brachysporisporites as given below: Fungal spores of three or more cells and two or more septa, symmetrical along the long [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 457, Bradymyces    Bradymyces Hubka, Réblová, Selbmann & M. Kolařík  Citation when using this data: Tibpromma et al. 2024 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Rock-inhabiting fungi. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1  Classification: Incertae sedis, Chaetothyriales, Chaetothyriomycetidae, Eurotiomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi. Bradymyces was introduced by Hubka et al. (2014) with B. alpinus and B. oncorhynchi as the type species based on the morphological and molecular characteristics (ITS and β-tubulin). Most Bradymyces have been associated with bare granite walls and rocks, whereas  only B. alpinus is an opportunistic fish pathogen (Hubka et al. 2014, Reblova et al. 2016, Sun et al. 2020). In morphology shows septate mycelium with branched, melanized hyphae of two types (cylindrical and moniliform); blastic proliferation is present at the ends of moniliform hyphae, often swollen at the terminal cell with umbonate apex and conspicuously [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 538, Braunomyces    Braunomyces Melnik & Crous Citation when using this data: Tibpromma et al. 2024 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Ascomycota. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1  Classification: Incertae sedis, Incertae sedis, Incertae sedis, Dothideomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi. Braunomyces, a new genus in Ascomycetes, with B. dictyosporus as a type species, which is an asexual species on the leaf debris of an unidentified broadleaved tree, was described by Melnik and Crous (2014) based on morphological characteristics. To date, Braunomyces comprises only a single species, B. dictyosporus, and is distinct from other synnematous and non-synnematous dematiaceous hyphomycete genera. This genus is characterized by determinate synnematous conidiomata, integrated, terminal, and intercalary conidiogenous cells, one to several conidiogenous vesicles becoming cupulate with age, tretic conidiogenesis, and mostly cruciately septate, solitary dictyoconidia (Melnik & Crous 2014). Type [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 294, Brevistachys    Brevistachys L. Lombard & Crous  Citation when using this entry: Perera et al. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, genera described in 2016.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Stachybotryaceae, Hypocreales, Hypocreomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi             Lombard et al. (2016) established Brevistachys to accommodate stachybotrys-like taxa that has distinctly short conidiophores and conidiogenous cells occur on conidiophores or directly from vegetative hyphae. The phylogenetic analysis of combined cmdA, ITS, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 loci also supported the placement of Brevistachys apart from Stachybotrys s. str. (Lombard et al. 2016). The species of this genus are associated with various plants (Lombard et al. 2016). Brevistachys is characterized by macronematous mononematous,conidiophores that occur solitary or in groups. They are hyaline or subhyaline, short, erect, [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 544, Brianaria   Brianaria S. Ekman & M. Svenss. Citation when using this data: Tibpromma et al. (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Du et al., ascomycota, Mycosphere. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi; MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1  Classification: Psoraceae, Lecanorales, Lecanoromycetidae, Lecanoromycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi.  Based on Phylogenetic analyses of ITS, mtSSU, and RBP1 analyses and morphological studies, Ekman & Svensson (2014) introduced Brianaria to accommodate the Micarea sylvicola group, with four new combinations Brianaria bauschiana, B. lutulata, B. sylvicola (type) and B. tuberculata. Brianaria is characterized by a chlorococcoid, non-micareoid photobiont, small, convex apothecia without an excipulum, asci ‘Psora-type’, ascospores 0–1-septate, dimorphic paraphyses, and immersed pycnidia containing bacilliform conidia (Ekman & Svensson 2014). No further species have been introduced to this genus, including four species in Brianaria.  Type species: Brianaria sylvicola (Flot. ex Körb.) S. Ekman & M. Svensson Other accepted species: Species Fungorum [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 71 Brunneodinemasporium   Brunneodinemasporium Crous & R.F. Castañeda Citation when using this data: Huanraluek et al. Fungalpedia, coelomycetes Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Coleomycetes.org, Fig1.          Brunneodinemasporium was established by Crous et al. (2012) and included in Chaetosphaeriaceae (Sordariomycetes, Chaetosphaeriales) by phylogenetic analyses based on ITS and LSU gene regions. The genus has a distinctive appearance. Conidiomata are dark brown to black, stromatic, scattered or aggregated, superficial, unilocular and setose and has brown to black, abundant, subulate to cylindrical, simple, septate, unbranched, smooth-walled setae, arising randomly throughout basal stroma. The basal stroma is composed of thick-walled cells of textura angularis. Hyaline to pure brown, cylindrical, branched, thin and smooth-walled conidiophores line the basal stroma in a dense layer. Conidiogenous cells are hyaline, phialidic, subcylindrical to lageniform, determinate, smooth-walled, with a periclinal thickening towards apex when mature. Conidia are hyaline [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 90 Brunneofissura   Brunneofissura Marasinghe, Hongsanan & K.D. Hyde. Citation when using this entry: Marasinghe et al., in prep – Taxonomic monograph of epifoliar fungi. Fungal Diversity (In proof) Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig 1. Brunneofissura was introduced by Marasinghe et al. (2022b) with the type species of B. thailandica. This genus morphologically resembles Morenoina in its brown to black X- or Y-shaped or elongated thyriothecia, opening by a linear fissure, hyaline, oblong to cylindrical, 8-spored asci and ovoid to clavate, 1-septate, hyaline ascospores (Marasinghe et al. 2022b). However, it differs by its pale brown linear fissures, with free dark brown hyphae, appressoria at the margin of thyriothecia, and filiform pseudoparaphyses, all features that Morenoina lacks (Hongsanan et al. 2014, Marasinghe et al. 2022b). Phylogenetically (LSU and ITS), B. thailandica is close to Cylindrohyalospora fici to [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 386, Bryobilimbia   Bryobilimbia Fryday, Printzen & S. Ekman Citation when using this data: Tibpromma et al. 2024 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Ascomycota. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1           Classification: Lecideaceae, Lecideales, Lecanoromycetidae, Lecanoromycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi Based on phylogenetic analyses of ITS, LSU, mtSSU, RPB1, and RPB2, together with morphological studies, Fryday et al. (2014) proposed Bryobilimbia to accommodate five species. B. ahlesii (=Lecidea ahlesii), B. australis (=Mycobilimbia australis), B. diapensiae (=L. diapensiae), B. hypnorum (=L. hypnorum) (type species) and B. sanguineoatra (=L. sanguineoatra). Subsequently, Fryday and Hertel (2014) introduced a new species, B. austrosaxicola, based on morphological comparison. Later, one combinations B. Fissuriseda (=Lecidea fissuriseda) (Marthinsen et al. 2019), and two new species B. Flakusii and B. pallida  were introduced in this genus based on morphological and phylogenetic evidence (Rodriguez-Flakus 2020). Bryobilimbia is characterized by a hymenium usually with scattered, blue-violet [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 356, Bryophyllum   Bryophyllum Vizzini Citation when using this data: Tibpromma et al. 2024 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Parasites Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1           Classification: Lyophyllaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetidae, Agaricomycetes, Agaricomycotina, Basidiomycota, Fungi Bryophyllum was established using the type species Bryophyllum palustre (Vizzini 2014). Later this genus Nom. illegit., Art. 53.1 [non Bryophyllum Salisb. 1805] synonymized into Sphagnurus Redhead & V. Hofst., without any explanation (Redhead 2014). This genus is a typical parasite of sphagnum moss, which is also found in peat bogs (Davey et al. 2006). The fruiting bodies of Sphagnurus (= Bryophyllum) are conical or bell-shaped when young, the cap expands to a flat form with a distinct umbo as it ages, cap pigment shows white and pruinose to grey and pale brown with maturity, with farinaceous odor forming equal and hollow stems, white to cream colored, elliptical, and smooth spores (Harding 1953). Sphagnurus is a monotypic genus of the Lyophyllaceae family. Type species: Bryophyllum palustre (Peck) [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 101 Bryostigma   Bryostigma Poelt & Döbbeler Citation when using this entry: Meng et al., in prep – Fungalpedia, lichenicolous genera. Mycosphere. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig 1 Bryostigma was established by Poelt & Döbbeler (1979) to accommodate the lichen B. leucodontis which is characterized by the red or blue iodine staining of its hyphae, an undifferentiated excipulum, the type of asci, the small size of the fruiting bodies and its growth on moss (Poelt & Döbbeler 1979). Kondratyuk et al. (2019, 2020) published a phylogenetic tree of Arthoniaceae based on concatenated SSU and rpb2 sequences. This showed that eight species of Arthonia clustered with Bryostigma muscicola. Kondratyuk et al. (2019, 2020) therefore transferred these species to Bryostigma based on the phylogenetic analysis. These species are all lichenicolous except for B. lapidicola, which is a lichen. Bryostigma dokdoensis is similar to B. parietinaria, but [...]