FungalpediaNote

Fungalpedia - Note 71 Brunneodinemasporium   Brunneodinemasporium Crous & R.F. Castañeda Citation when using this data: Huanraluek et al. Fungalpedia, coelomycetes Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Coleomycetes.org, Fig1.          Brunneodinemasporium was established by Crous et al. (2012) and included in Chaetosphaeriaceae (Sordariomycetes, Chaetosphaeriales) by phylogenetic analyses based on ITS and LSU gene regions. The genus has a distinctive appearance. Conidiomata are dark brown to black, stromatic, scattered or aggregated, superficial, unilocular and setose and has brown to black, abundant, subulate to cylindrical, simple, septate, unbranched, smooth-walled setae, arising randomly throughout basal stroma. The basal stroma is composed of thick-walled cells of textura angularis. Hyaline to pure brown, cylindrical, branched, thin and smooth-walled conidiophores line the basal stroma in a dense layer. Conidiogenous cells are hyaline, phialidic, subcylindrical to lageniform, determinate, smooth-walled, with a periclinal thickening towards apex when mature. Conidia are hyaline [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 90 Brunneofissura   Brunneofissura Marasinghe, Hongsanan & K.D. Hyde. Citation when using this entry: Marasinghe et al., in prep – Taxonomic monograph of epifoliar fungi. Fungal Diversity (In proof) Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig 1. Brunneofissura was introduced by Marasinghe et al. (2022b) with the type species of B. thailandica. This genus morphologically resembles Morenoina in its brown to black X- or Y-shaped or elongated thyriothecia, opening by a linear fissure, hyaline, oblong to cylindrical, 8-spored asci and ovoid to clavate, 1-septate, hyaline ascospores (Marasinghe et al. 2022b). However, it differs by its pale brown linear fissures, with free dark brown hyphae, appressoria at the margin of thyriothecia, and filiform pseudoparaphyses, all features that Morenoina lacks (Hongsanan et al. 2014, Marasinghe et al. 2022b). Phylogenetically (LSU and ITS), B. thailandica is close to Cylindrohyalospora fici to [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 356, Bryophyllum   Bryophyllum Vizzini Citation when using this data: Tibpromma et al. 2024 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Parasites Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1           Classification: Lyophyllaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetidae, Agaricomycetes, Agaricomycotina, Basidiomycota, Fungi Bryophyllum was established using the type species Bryophyllum palustre (Vizzini 2014). Later this genus Nom. illegit., Art. 53.1 [non Bryophyllum Salisb. 1805] synonymized into Sphagnurus Redhead & V. Hofst., without any explanation (Redhead 2014). This genus is a typical parasite of sphagnum moss, which is also found in peat bogs (Davey et al. 2006). The fruiting bodies of Sphagnurus (= Bryophyllum) are conical or bell-shaped when young, the cap expands to a flat form with a distinct umbo as it ages, cap pigment shows white and pruinose to grey and pale brown with maturity, with farinaceous odor forming equal and hollow stems, white to cream colored, elliptical, and smooth spores (Harding 1953). Sphagnurus is a monotypic genus of the Lyophyllaceae family. Type species: Bryophyllum palustre (Peck) [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 101 Bryostigma   Bryostigma Poelt & Döbbeler Citation when using this entry: Meng et al., in prep – Fungalpedia, lichenicolous genera. Mycosphere. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig 1 Bryostigma was established by Poelt & Döbbeler (1979) to accommodate the lichen B. leucodontis which is characterized by the red or blue iodine staining of its hyphae, an undifferentiated excipulum, the type of asci, the small size of the fruiting bodies and its growth on moss (Poelt & Döbbeler 1979). Kondratyuk et al. (2019, 2020) published a phylogenetic tree of Arthoniaceae based on concatenated SSU and rpb2 sequences. This showed that eight species of Arthonia clustered with Bryostigma muscicola. Kondratyuk et al. (2019, 2020) therefore transferred these species to Bryostigma based on the phylogenetic analysis. These species are all lichenicolous except for B. lapidicola, which is a lichen. Bryostigma dokdoensis is similar to B. parietinaria, but [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 367, Butyriboletus   Butyriboletus D. Arora and J. L. Frank Citation when using this data: Tibpromma et al. 2024 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Macrofungi. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1   Classification: Boletaceae, Boletales, Agaricomycetidae, Agaricomycetes, Agaricomycotina, Basidiomycota, Fungi  Butyriboletus was erected by Arora et al. (2014), typified with Butyriboletus appendiculatus and accommodated in Boletaceae. This genus  contains 29 ectomycorrhizal species found in Asia, Europe, North America, and North Africa (Zhao et al. 2015, Wang et al. 2022). However, Butyriboletus was previously classified as a section Appendiculati within the large genus Boletus. It was bestowed with the common name "butter boletes" because of the similarity in color between their stalk, flesh, and pores and that of butter (Arora et al. 2014). Butyriboletus is characterized by red or brown caps, yellow pores, and stipes, which turn blue when cut or bruised in many species. Additionally, Butyriboletus features olive-brown [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 159 Callimothallus  (Fossil Fungi)   Callimothallus Dilcher ex Janson. & L.V. Hills. Citation when using this data: Saxena RK & Hyde KD. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, Fossil Fungi.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank ,GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Microthyriaceae, Microthyriales, Fossil Ascomycota, Fungi Callimothallus was proposed by Dilcher (1965) from the Early Eocene (56–48 mya) sediments of western Tennessee, USA, with the following diagnosis: “No free hyphae. Stroma round, radiate, astomate, no central dehiscence, individual cells may possess single pore. Spores undetermined”. According to Dilcher (1965), Sapindus sp. leaves host this fungus, most frequently on the upper surface and occasionally on the lower surface. Since Dilcher (1965) did not designate a holotype, Jansonius & Hills (1976) selected a lectotype from the syntypes (all resulting from a single collection). Callimothallus lacks any central dehiscence and is characterized by numerous pores. It is the only [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 131 Calonectria   Calonectria De Not. Citation when using this entry: Aumentado et al. in prep – Fungalpedia, plant pathogens. Mycosphere.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig *. Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Sordariomycetes, Hypocreomycetidae, Hypocreales, Nectriaceae  Calonectria was identified based on C. daldiniana (De notaris 1867). Species within this genus were previously known as Cylindrocladium for many years. However, Rossman et al. (2013) favored the use of the name Calonectria over Cylindrocladium, following its conservation by Hawksworth (2011) and  McNeill et al. (2012). Most isolates were distinguished using morphological characteristics, such as macroconidial dimensions, septation, and vesicle shape, which are the mainly reliable traits for identifying Calonectria species (Li et al. 2017, Crous 2002, Schoch et al. 2000). For sexual morph identification, perithecial color, ascospore number, septation, and dimensions were also considered important (Lombard et al. 2010). However, due to the morphological similarity of [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 127 Calophoma   Calophoma Qian Chen & L. Cai Citation when using this entry: Aumentado et al. in prep – Fungalpedia, plant pathogens. Mycosphere.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig *. Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Dothideomycetes, Pleosporomycetidae, Pleosporales, Didymellaceae Calophoma was established by Chen et al. (2015) with Calophoma clematidina as its type species. Species belonging to this genus are characterized by pycnidial conidiomata which can be subglobose to irregular, and they may be found on the agar surface or immersed. These conidiomata can occur as solitary entities or may be confluent. Conidiomata are ostiolate, but in older cultures, they may have an elongated neck. Micropycnidia are also present. The pycnidial wall is pseudoparenchymatous and consists of 2–6 layers, with the outer wall being pigmented. The conidiogenous cells are phialidic, hyaline, smooth, and vary in shape from globose to flask-shaped, ampulliform, [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 295, Calvolachnella   Calvolachnella Marinc., T.A. Duong & M.J. Wingf Citation when using this entry: Perera et al. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, genera described in 2016.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Incertae sedis, Chaetosphaeriales, Sordariomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi Hernandez-Restrepo et al. (2016) established the monotypic genus Calvolachnella to accommodate asexual taxon C. guaviyunis found on the bark of Myrcianthes pungens. In the phylogenetic analysis of combined ITS and LSU sequence data P. guaviyuensis formed an independent lineage apart from other genera in Chaetosphaeriales. However, the genus has not been assigned to a family and left in Chaetosphaeriales, Incertae sedis (Hernandez-Restrepo et al. 2016). Calvolachnella is characterized by scattered, acervular, cupulate conidiomata with a broadly attached base to the substrate without setae. Conidiophores are arising from the concavity of the conidiomata, pale [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 273, Camporesia   Camporesia W.J. Li & K.D. Hyde Citation when using this entry: Perera et al. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, genera described in 2016.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Xylariaceae, Xylariales, Xylariomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi Li et al. (2016) introduced this monotypic genus to accommodate coelomycetous taxon, Camporesia sambuci based on the analysis of LSU, ITS, rpb2, and tub2 markers. Camporesia is characterized by globose, superficial to subepidermal, separate, unilocular, ostiolate, and thick-walled pycnidia. The pycnidial wall is composed of cells of the texura angularis, with inner hyaline layers gradually merging with outer dark brown layers. Conidiophores are short, unbranched, hyaline, and emerge from the innermost layer of the wall cells. Conidiogenous cells are hyaline, phialidic, ampuliform, and smooth-walled, with periclinal wall thickening at the tip. Camporesia species have pale [...]