FungalpediaNote

Fungalpedia - Note 132 Auricularia   Auricularia Bull. Citation if using this entry: Bera et al. (in prep) Basidiomycota. Mycosphere. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Basidiomycota, Agaricomycetes, Auriculariales, Auriculariaceae The Latin meaning of "Auricularia" translates to "ear-shaped things". This etymology aptly encapsulates the distinct appearance of the genus. Generally, all the species of this genus form gelatinous or jelly-like textured, ear-shaped, or sometimes shelf-like basidiocarps. Frequently recognized by the names "jelly ear fungus" and "wood ear fungus," Auricularia was introduced by Pierre Bulliard in 1780 to accommodate all similar-looking mushrooms (Persoon 1822). Persoon (1822) refined the genus classification to encompass two solely gelatinous species: Auricularia mesenterica (Dicks.) Pers., which subsequently became the designated type species, and A. sambuci Pers., later recognized as a synonym for A. auricula-juda. With the growing count of species, Barrett (1910) [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 146 Auriscalpium    Auriscalpium Gray Citation if using this entry: Bera et al. (in prep) – Fungalpedia, Basidiomycota 1. Mycosphere. Index Fungorum, MycoBank, Facesoffungi, GenBank, Fig. 1 Auriscalpiaceae, Russulales, Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota, Fungi The term “Auriscalpium” was first used by Linnaeus (1753) as a specific epithet for the genus Hydnum L.  as H. auriscalpium L. but later Gray (1821) raised it to the generic level and renamed the same as Auriscalpium vulgare Gray. Auriscalpium retained its single-species status until Maas Geesteranus reinvigorated it through an extensive series of studies and established a few novel species (Maas Geesteranus 1962, 1963, 1964, 1966, 1971, 1974, 1976, 1978, Maas Geesteranus & Rammeloo 1979). The genus is characterized by its pale to dark brownish, hydnoid, laterally to centrally stipitate basidiocarps (Ryvarden 2001). The hymenium is spinoid producing ornamented, [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 117 Austropleospora   Austropleospora R.G. Shivas & L. Morin Citation when using this entry: Fallahi et al., in prep – Fungalpedia, new genera and higher taxa in 2010. Mycosphere. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig 1, 2. Austropleospora was placed in Pleosporales without being assigned to any family by Morin et al. (2010) and was typified by Austropleospora osteospermi R.G. Shivas & L. Morin (synonym: Hendersonia osteospermi Wakef.).  Thambugala et al. (2014) reexamined the holotype of Austropleospora osteospermi and based on morphological similarity, placed Austropleospora in Pleosporaceae. Ariyawansa et al. (2015) removed Austropleospora from Pleosporaceae and included it in Didymosphaeriaceae. Austropleospora osteospermi was introduced with both sexual and asexual morphs, and reported for the first time in coastal regions of New South Wales in Australia, on leaf spots of Chrysanthemoides monilifera (an invasive plant), which caused severe necrosis (Morin et al. 2010). The [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 156, Axisporonites (Fossil Fungi)   Axisporonites Kalgutkar & Janson.  Citation when using this data: Saxena RK & Hyde KD. in prep – Fungalpedia, Fossil Fungi.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Phragmosporae, Fungi The monotypic fossil genus Axisporonites was established by Kalgutkar & Jansonius (2000) to accommodate Multicellaesporites indicus P. Kumar (1990) described from the Early-Middle Miocene (23–11.6 mya) sediments of Padappakkara, Quilon District, Kerala, South India. The fungal spores are medium-sized, inaperturate, and tricellate, with an overall shape that is more or less elliptical. Two polar cells are smaller, triangular, with dark pigmentation and thicker walled than the large, hyaline central cell. Additionally, the septa are thicker than the wall of the central cell (Saxena & Tripathi 2011). Only one species listed in Index Fungorum (2023) under this genus.  Type species: Axisporonites indicus (P. Kumar) Kalgutkar & Janson.  [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 54 Babjeviella   Babjeviella Kurtzman & M. Suzuki Citation if using this entry: Fallahi et al. (2023) New genera in 2010-2011. Mycosphere (in prep) Index Fungorum, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig 1. The monotypic genus Babjeviella is an ascomycetous yeast in Debaryomycetaceae. It was described as Pichia inositovora by Golubev et al. (1981) and was revised as Babjeviella inositovora based on the phylogenetic analysis of D1/D2 divergent domains of the large subunit (LSU) and the nearly complete small subunit (SSU) rDNA genes by Kurtzman & Suzuki (2010),. The type species of the genus, Babjeviella inositovora, was isolated from high moor peat in the Moscow region of Russia (Golubev et al. 1981). It produces unconjugated asci with one to four hat-shaped ascospores that are released by ascus evanescence. Some bulb-like structures occasionally form on the brims of ascospores. The species’ homo- or heterothallic status has not been confirmed. Colonies are butyrous with a [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 48 Barcheria   Barcheria T. Lebel Citation if using this entry: Bera et al. (2023) Basidiomycota. Mycosphere (in prep)   Index Fungorum, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 In exploration in the woodlands of Australia, a unique sequestrate mushroom was discovered which has been established as the genus Barcheria T. Lebel (Lebel et al. 2004). The morphological features such as the fragile texture of the basidiomata, the peridium with purplish-brown scales, and cream colour of the gleba changing to pale orange on exposure seemed to be reminiscent of species of Agaricus and Lepiota (Lebel et al. 2004). However, the very reduced form of the basidiomata of Barcheria and the comparative phylogenetic analysis with closely related members of Agaricaceae based on nrLSU sequence data confirmed its identity as a separate genus (Lebel et al. 2004). This [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 248, Barriopsis   Barriopsis A.J.L. Phillips, A. Alves & Crous. Citation when using this entry: Aumentado et al. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, plant pathogens.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig 1. Classification: Botryosphaeriaceae, Botryosphaeriales, Incertae sedis, Dothideomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi  Barriopsis was introduced by Phillips et al. (2008), based on morphological characteristics and molecular sequence data. Initially, Barriopsis was classified as Physalospora by Stevens (1926), but it was later transferred to Phaeobotryosphaeria by Petrak & Deighton (1952). Barriopsis considered by Stevens (1926) and Petrak & Deighton (1952) did not have apiculi on its ascospores and were not comparable to Phaeobotryosphaeria, which had small, hyaline apiculi on the ascospores. von Arx & Muller (1954) considered Phaeobotryosphaeria as a synonym of Botryosphaeria. Phillips et al. (2008) initially designated Barriopsis fusca, (N.E. Stevens) A.J.L. Phillips, A. Alves & [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 13 Barromyces Citation: Bhunjun et al. 2023 – Fungalpedia, genera described in 2018, Mycosphere (in press)   Barromyces M.J. Powell & Letcher Index Fungorum number, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Barromyces was introduced by Powell et al. (2018) to accommodate B. tenuis D.J.S. Barr (≡ Gaertneriomyces tenuis D.J.S Barr). It is classified under Spizellomycetaceae, Spizellomycetales, Chytridiomycetes, Chytridiomycota (Powell et al. 2018). Chytrids frequently exhibit morphological plasticity, which can be confusing when the strains are cultivated on various media (Powell & Koch 1977). Barr (1980) established Spizellomycetales D.J.S. Barr as a new order to accommodate soil-inhabiting strains of Phlyctochytrium to accommodate taxa with different zoospore structures. Gaertneriomyces was introduced as one of the genera, however, diverse thallus morphological characters of G. tenuis suggested that it might represent a new genus since it shared morphological characteristics with both Gaertneriomyces and Spizellomyces (Barr 1984) Phylogenetic analysis [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 158, Basidiosporites (Fossil Fungi)   Basidiosporites Elsik. Citation when using this data: Saxena RK & Hyde KD. (2024) in prep – Fungalpedia, Fossil Fungi.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Amerosporae, Fossil Fungi. The monotypic fossil genus Basidiosporites was instituted by Elsik (1968) from the Rockdale lignite (Palaeocene, 66–56 mya) from a locality 11 km southwest of Rockdale, Milam County, Texas, USA (Salard-Cheboldaeff & Locquin 1980). Basidiosporites is characterized by oval to capsular, monoporate, unicellate, and psilate fungal spores with the pore offset from one apex. No basal attachment area is evident. Shape variables generally elongate in some fashion (Saxena & Tripathi 2011). There are four species included in Index Fungorum (2023) under this genus. Type species: Basidiosporites fournieri Elsik.     Figure 1 – Basidiosporites fournieri. Scale bar = 5 μm. Redrawn from Elsik (1968)   References Elsik WC. 1968 – Palynology [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 293, Basiseptospora   Basiseptospora Jaklitsch & Voglmayr Citation when using this entry: Perera et al. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, genera described in 2016.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1  Classification: Incertae sedis, Xylariales, Xylariomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi Jaklitsch et al. (2016) introduced the monotypic genus Basiseptospora to accommodate a taxon that has been previously identified as Pseudomassaria fallax by Jaklitsch & Voglmayr (2012). Basiseptospora differs from Pseudomassaria mainly by its pallid peridium (Jaklitsch et al. 2016). Based on the analysis of ITS-LSU sequence data Basiseptospora was placed in Xylariales Incertae sedis (Jaklitsch et al. 2016). Basiseptospora is associated with dead twigs of Cornus sanguinea (Jaklitsch et al. 2016). The genus is characterized by small, perithecial ascomata that embedded in host bark below the pallid to [...]