FungalpediaNote

Fungalpedia - Note 9 Aquaperonospora   Aquaperonospora W.H. Ko   Citation if using this entry: Fahalli et al. (2023) New genera in 2010-2011. Mycosphere (in press) Index Fungorum Identifier 39014, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig 1 Aquaperonospora was introduced as a monotypic genus within Peronophythoraceae, Peronosporales (Ko et al. 2010). The type species Aquaperonospora taiwanensis was found in an irrigation ditch with leaf discs in Taiwan (Ko et al. 2010). The validity of the establishment of Aquaperonospora as a new genus was supported by the low sequence similarities in the ITS and 28S rDNA sequences between Aquaperonospora taiwanensis and representative species of other genera in the Peronosporales. Aquaperonospora taiwanensis is a fast-growing organism that exhibits Peronosporaceae and Pythiaceae characteristics. The species is homothallic and produced abundant oospores. It produces rigid and erect sporangiophores with dichotomous branches, and lemon-shaped sporangia formed synchronously on the terminal branchlets [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 360, Aquastella   Aquastella Glockling & D.P. Molloy Citation when using this data: Tibpromma et al. 2024 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, parasites. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1           Classification: Incertae sedis, Saprolegniales, Saprolegniidae, Peronosporea, Incertae sedis, Oomycota, Chromista. The oomycete genus Aquastella was established to accommodate two species; Aquastella attenuata and Aquastella acicularis (Molloy et al. 2014). Aquastella is known as a parasite of three rotifers found in Brooktrout Lake, New York State, USA., and was the first report of oomycete infection in these species. Aquastella attenuata exhibited specificity in Keratella taurocephala and Aquastella acicularis parasitic on Polyarthra vulgaris, and Ploesoma truncatum (Molloy et al. 2014). Sequencing of 18S rRNA and subsequent phylogenetic analysis positioned Aquastella species within the order Saprolegniales by forming a clade closely linked to Aphanomyces (Molloy et al. 2014, 2017). The Aquastella species exhibited distinct morphological features compared to other rotifer parsasites: the developing sporangia penetrated the host body after death, [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 65 Aquasubmersa   Aquasubmersa K.D. Hyde & Huang Zhang Citation when using this data: Huanraluek et al. Fungalpedia, coelomycetes. Mycosphere (in prep). Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Coelomycetes.org Fig 1.   Aquasubmersa was initially described as a coelomycetous genus (Aquasubmersaceae, Pleosporales, Pleosporomycetidae, Dothideomycetes), based on phylogenetic of nuclear rDNA small subunit (18S; SSU), internal transcribed spacer (ITS), large subunit (28S; LSU) regions translation elongation factor 1-  (tef1) and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2) gene (Zhang et al. 2012, Hashimoto et al. 2017, Li et al. 2020). This genus (with A. mircensis) was first found on submerged wood in freshwater habit, in Thailand (Zhang et al. 2012). The asexual morph of this genus has subglobose, semi-immersed to superficial pycnidia. Conidiogenous cells are determinate, formed from the inner cells of the pycnidial wall and conidia are ellipsoidal, hyaline, [...]

Fungalpedia-Note 141 Aquihelicascus Aquihelicascus W. Dong, H. Zhang & Doilom Citation when using this entry: Shah et al. (in prep) – Fungalpedia, new genera in 2020. Mycosphere Classification: Morosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales, Pleosporomycetidae, Dothideomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota             Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, freshwaterfungi.org, MycoBank, GenBank Fig 1.             Aquihelicascus was introduced by Hyde et al. (1998) to accommodate a new combination A. thalassioideus and two new species A. songkhlaensis and A. yunnanensis. The genus is saprobic on dead wood submerged in freshwater. The sexual morph is determined by submerged, grouped pseudostromata, visible on the host surface as ostiolar spots that might be uniloculate or multiloculate and have a flattened base. Ostioles are centered and globular and periphysate. Locules are compacted, subglobular to lenticular, or occasionally triangular, bear ostiolate papilla, and are submerged. Pseudoparaphyses are septate, hyaline, cellular, [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 219, Arachnomyces   Arachnomyces Mass. & Salm. Citation when using this entry: Weerasinghe et al. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, genera described in selected orders.             Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Arachnomycetaceae, Arachnomycetales, Eurotiomycetidae, Eurotiomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi Arachnomyces was introduced by Massee & Salmon (1902) to accommodate Arachnomyces nitidus as the type species, which was isolated from Plantis putridis in Yorkshire, Northern England. Arachnomyces are commonly found in fragments of rotting plants and rat feces (Massee & Salmon 1902). Additionally, it was found on dung compost and dead grass in Canada (Malloch & Cain 1970). Arachnomyces is morphologically characterized by hyaline mycelia with numerous ampulliform swellings. Perithecia are globose, shining, brittle, non-ostiolate, and produce several long, hair-like appendages. The appendages are septate, flexible, thick-walled, and even in diameter, except for the swollen base. Perithecia [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 355, Areospora    Areospora G.D. Stentiford, S. Bateman, S.W. Feist, S. Oyarzún, J.C. Uribe, M. Palacios & D.M. Stone Citation when using this data: Tibpromma et al. 2024 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Parasites. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1           Classification: Areosporiidae, Incertae sedis, Incertae sedis, Microsporea, Incertae sedis, Microsporidia, Protozoa. Areospora was established with Areospora rohanae as the type species. Furthermore, the phylogenetic and morphological distinction from other diverse parasite phylum, therefore established a new genus under new family Areosporiidae to accommodate this parasite species (Stentiford et al. 2014). Merogonal and sporoogonal stages, in accordance with the generic description for Areospora, are found within the phagocytes and connective tissue cells of lithodid crabs. Parasite life stages can be enclosed within a specialized parasitophorous vacuole (SPV). The early sporogony is characterized by a distinctive rosette-like structure [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 332, Arrhenia   Arrhenia Fr. Citation if using this entry: Sysouphanthong et al. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia Basidiomycota 3.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Hygrophoraceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes, Agaricomycotina, Basidiomycota, Fungi Arrhenia is a saprobic genus, belongs to the Hygrophoraceae Lotsy., consisting 36 species worldwide, and Arrhenia auriscalpium is considered as the type species (Lodge et al. 2014, He et al. 2018, Kalichman et al. 2020). Morphologically, Arrhenia is characterized by various shape of basidiomata from pleurotelloid to omphalinoid, various shapes of pileus from nutants to infundibuliform, various shapes of gills (flat, wavy, wrinkled, gilled), and absent to present stipe with eccentric to central attachments, hyaline inamyloid basidiospores, absence of pleulocystidia, precence or absence of cheilocystidia, mostly cutis pileipellis, and presence of clamp connections (Lodge et al. 2014, Desjardin & Perry 2017, Voitk et al. 2020, 2022). [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 94 Ascagilis   Ascagilis K.D. Hyde Citation when using this entry: Calabon et al., in prep – Fungalpedia, freshwater fungi. Mycosphere. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig 1. Ascagilis has sessile or stalked ascomata, cellular pseudoparaphyses, and 1-septate, brown ascospores mostly with a refractive mucilaginous pad at each end. Ascagilis was established by Hyde (1992) to accommodate A. bipolaris, which was isolated from submerged wood at the base of a waterfall in Australia. However, subsequent study led to the suppression of Ascagilis as its type species A. bipolaris was considered to belong in Jahnula (Hyde and Wong 1999). According to Dong et al. (2020), the presence of fusiform to ellipsoidal ascospores with bipolar pads is sufficient for distinguishing Ascagilis as a distinct genus based on their new collections, which is also supported by phylogenetic analysis. Ascagilis [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 212,  Ascochalara   Ascochalara Réblová. Citation when using this entry: Silva et al. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, Sordariomycetidae.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank,  GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Chaetosphaeriaceae, Chaetosphaeriales, Sordariomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi Ascochalara was introduced by Réblová (1999) as a monospecific genus, based on morphological characterization (Réblová 1999). Based on the perithecial wall, asci, paraphyses, and ascospores, and the chalara-like asexual morph, unique combinations of characteristics differentiate it from other known genera in Chaetosphaeriaceae (Réblová 1999). The type species, Ascochalara gabretae Réblová, was found as a saprobe underneath the bark of Abies alba, which is barely decomposed (Réblová 1999).  Conidiophores are dematiaceous hyphomycetes, macronematous, manonematous, unbranched, and erect, with phialide terminals that are paler than the base. The collarette is subhyaline to hyaline and cylindrical. Conidia are subcylindrical to wedge-shaped, forming short or long chains [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 154, Ascochytites (Fossil Fungi)    Ascochytites Barlinge & Paradkar. Citation when using this data: Saxena RK & Hyde KD. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, Fossil Fungi.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Botryosphaeriaceae, Botryosphaeriales, Ascomycota, Dothideomycetes, Fungi. Ascochytites was initially introduced Teterevnikova-Babaian & Taslakhchian (1973); however, its validity was compromised at that time due to a lack of illustration of the spores. Barlinge & Paradkar (1982) probably were not aware of this earlier publication when they proposed Ascochytites as a new genus, with A. intertrappeus as its type (Kalgutkar & Jansonius 2000). The monotypic fossil genus, Ascochytites, was described from the Deccan Intertrappean Series (Late Cretaceous, 75–66 mya) of Mohgaon Kalan, Chhindwara District, Madhya Pradesh, India. The genus is a saprophytic sphaeropsidaceous fungus with ostiolate pycnidia; hyphae septate, branched; conidiospores small (Saxena & Tripathi 2011). Two species are included in Index [...]