Fungalpedia – Note 46 Scheffersomyces
Scheffersomyces Kurtzman & M. Suzuki
Citation if using this entry: Fallahi et al. (2023) New genera in 2010-2011. Mycosphere (in prep)
Index Fungorum, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig1
Scheffersomyces was proposed by Kurtzman and Suzuki (2010) in Debaryomycetaceae (Saccharomycetales) to accommodate d-xylose-fermenting species in the Pichia stipitis clade as new combinations, including the type species Scheffersomyces stipitis (Basionym: Pichia stipitis), Scheffersomyces segobiensis (Basionym: Pichia segobiensis), and Scheffersomyces spartiniae (Basionym: Pichia spartinae). Numerous new species and combinations including S. cryptocerci, S. parashehatae, S. titanus, S. xylosifermentans, and S. anoplophorae in wood-ingesting insects were introduced for this genus (Suh et al. 2013; Liu et al. 2016; Jia et al. 2020). Also, in rotting wood several other species like S. amazonensis, S. virginianus, S. illinoinensis, S. quercinus, S. ergatensis, S. henanensis, S. stambukii, S. paraergatensis, and S. jinghongensis were proposed (Urbina & Blackwell 2012; Lopes et al. 2018; Jia et al. 2020). A combination of morphological, physiological, and phylogenetic (based on the divergent domains of the large subunit (D1/D2) and ITS) characteristics has been used to distinguish the members of the genus. They are differentiated by pseudohyphae formation, an inability to utilize nitrates, and the presence of the co-enzyme Q-9 (Kurtzman and Suzuki 2010). During sexual reproduction, they form 1-2 hat-shaped ascospores, which release shortly after formation. Asexual reproduction is by multilateral budding on a narrow base (Kurtzman and Suzuki 2010).
Fig 1– Scheffersomyces stipites (redrawn from Thomas Kuster, USDA, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory-Image and caption found at Sciencedaily.com (National Center for Biotechnology Information. 2011)). a Scheffersomyces stipitis growing exponentially with bud scars. b Pseudomycelia formed under carbon-limited continuous culture. Scale bars= 1 µm.
Type species: Scheffersomyces stipitis (Pignal) Kurtzman & M. Suzuki
Other accepted species:
Scheffersomyces amazonensis (R.M. Cadete, M.A. Melo, M.R. Lopes, Zilli, M.J.S. Vital, F.C.O. Gomes, Lachance & C.A. Rosa) H. Urbina & M. Blackw.
Scheffersomyces anoplophorae C.Y. Chai & F.L. Hui
Scheffersomyces coipomensis (C. Ramírez & A.E. González) H. Urbina & M. Blackw.
Scheffersomyces ergatensis (Santa María) H. Urbina & M. Blackw.
Scheffersomyces gosingicus H. Urbina & M. Blackw.
Scheffersomyces cryptocerci H. Urbina & M. Blackw.
Scheffersomyces henanensis F.L. Hui, Y.C. Ren, Liang Chen & Q.H. Niu
Scheffersomyces illinoinensis H. Urbina & M. Blackw.
Scheffersomyces insectosus (Kurtzman) H. Urbina & M. Blackw.
Scheffersomyces jinghongensis C.Y. Chai & F.L. Hui
Scheffersomyces lignicola H. Urbina & M. Blackw.
Scheffersomyces lignicolous H. Urbina & M. Blackw.
Scheffersomyces lignosus (Kurtzman) H. Urbina & M. Blackw.
Scheffersomyces paraergatensis C.Y. Chai & F.L. Hui
Scheffersomyces parashehatae S.O. Suh & J.J. Zhou 2013,
Scheffersomyces queiroziae (R.O. Santos, R.M. Cadete, Badotti, Mouro, Wallheim, F.C.O. Gomes, Stambuk, Lachance & C.A. Rosa) H. Urbina & M. Blackw.
Scheffersomyces quercinus H. Urbina & M. Blackw.
Scheffersomyces segobiensis (Santa María & C. García) Kurtzman & M. Suzuki
Scheffersomyces spartinae (Ahearn, Yarrow & Meyers) Kurtzman & M. Suzuki
Scheffersomyces stambukii M.R. Lopes, T.M. Batista, A.R.O. Santos, G.R. Franco, Lachance & C.A. Rosa
Scheffersomyces shehatae (H.R. Buckley & Uden) H. Urbina & M. Blackw.
Scheffersomyces titani F.L. Hui, X.J. Liu & Z. Liu
Scheffersomyces virginianus H. Urbina & M. Blackw.
Scheffersomyces xylosifermentans S.O. Suh & J.J. Zhou
References
Jia R R, Lv SL, Chai CY, Hui FL. 2020- Three new Scheffersomyces species associated with insects and rotting wood in China. MycoKeys 71, 87-99. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.71.56168
Kurtzman CP, Suzuki M. 2010- Phylogenetic analysis of ascomycete yeasts that form coenzyme Q-9 and the proposal of the new genera Babjeviella, Meyerozyma, Millerozyma, Priceomyces, and Scheffersomyces. Mycoscience 51, 2-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10267-009-0011-5
National Center for Biotechnology Information. 2011- Taxonomy Browser. Retrieved Apr 2011, from NBCI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=4924
Liu XJ, Cao WN, Ren YC, Xu LL, Yi ZH, Liu Z, Hui FL. 2016- Taxonomy and physiological characterization of Scheffersomyces titanus sp. nov., a new D-xylose-fermenting yeast species from China. Scientific Reports 6, 32181. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep32181
Lopes MR, Batista TM, Franco GR, Ribeiro LR, Santos ARO, Furtado C, Moreira RG, Goes Neto A, Vital MJS, Rosa LH, Lachance MA 6, Rosa CA. 2018- Scheffersomyces stambukii f.a., sp. nov., a D-xylose-fermenting species isolated from rotting wood. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 68, 2306–2312. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.002834
Suh SO, Houseknecht JL, Gujjari P, Zhou JJ. 2013- Scheffersomyces parashehatae f.a., sp. nov., Scheffersomyces xylosifermentans f.a., sp. nov., Candida broadrunensis sp. nov., and Candida manassasensis sp. nov., four novel yeasts associated with wood-ingesting insects and their ecological and biofuel implications. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63, 4330–4339. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.053009-0
Urbina H, Blackwell M.2012-Multilocus phylogenetic study of the Scheffersomyces yeast clade and molecular characterization of the N-terminal region of xylose reductase gene. PLoSONE 7, e39128. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0039128
Entry by
Maryam Fallahi, Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand.
(Edited by Kevin D Hyde and Ruvishika S. Jayawardena)