FungalpediaNote

Fungalpedia – Note 84 Asterosporium   Asterosporium Kunze Citation when using this entry: Senanayake et al., in prep – Fungalpedia, Diaporthomycetidae. Mycosphere. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig 1. Asterosporium was introduced by Kunze (1819) based on A. hoffmannii Pers. Hughes (1958), regarded Stilbospora asterosperma Pers. as the older name for this taxon based on morphology. Thus, a new combination, Asterosporium asterospermum (Pers.) S. Hughes was proposed. Further, A. asterospermum and A. hoffmannii are phylogenetically identical according to molecular analysis (Hyde et al. 2020). Asterosporium species were previously assigned to Sordariomycetes genera incertae sedis based on molecular phylogeny (Tanaka et al. 2010). However, Wijayawardene et al. (2016) showed that Asterosporium species are related to Diaporthales based on a combined ITS and LSU sequence analyses and they placed the genus in Diaporthales genera incertae sedis (Norphanphoun et al. 2016, Jayawardena et al. [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 215, Asyregraamspora (Fossil Fungi)   Asyregraamspora Sal.-Cheb. & Locq.  Citation when using this entry: Saxena RK & Hyde KD. 2024 (in prep). – Fungalpedia, Fossil Fungi.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1              Classification: Fossil Fungi, Incertae sedis The monotypic fossil genus Asyregraamspora, was described by Salard-Cheboldaeff & Locquin in 1980 from the Early Miocene sediments of the Cameroon, Coast of Equatorial Africa, Gulf of Guinea. Asyregraamspora is characterized by slightly asymmetrical and more or less reticulate amerospores. The particle size was approximately 20 μm × 15 μm. Jansonius & Hills (1981) corrected the spelling of the type species from “Asyreamspora reticulata” (as given in the protologue by Salard-Cheboldaeff & Locquin 1980, p. 185) to Asyregraamspora reticulata (as per spelling of the generic name used by Salard-Cheboldaeff [...]

 Fungalpedia – Note 292, Atractospora   Atractospora Réblová & J. Fourn. Citation when using this entry: Perera et al. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, genera described in 2016.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Atractosporaceae, Atractosporales, Diaporthomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi Réblová et al. (2016) established Atractospora based on LSU, SSU and rpb2 sequence data. In their phylogenetic analysis Atractospora species were nested within Sordariomycetidae without showing affinities to any established order (Réblová et al. 2016). Later, Zhang et al. (2017) introduced Atractosporaceae (and Atractosporales) was to include Atractospora and Rubellisphaeria based on LSU-SSU-ITS-rpb2 phylogenetic analysis by Atractospora is characterized by astromatic, perithecial ascomata that are immersed to semi-immersed in the decaying wood. Ascomata are horizontally positioned on the host, dark brown, subglobose to conical, and have a lateral neck and a periphysate ostiole. Ascomatal wall is two-layered and leathery to fragile. Asci lying [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 387, Atrogeniculata   Atrogeniculata J.S. Monteiro, Gusmão & R.F. Castañeda Citation when using this data: Tibpromma et al. 2024 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Ascomycota. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1           Classification: Incertae sedis, Chaetosphaeriales, Sordariomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi. Atrogeniculata was established by Monteiro et al. (2014) to accommodate the type species Atrogeniculata submersa, based on morphological studies. Atrogeniculata is characterized by hairy colonies, golden brown to brown, macronematous conidiophores, mononematous, erect, geniculate, septate, brown to dark brown; monophialidic or polyphialidic conidiogenous cells, integrated, indeterminate, intercalary, and terminal, with a conspicuous collarette; conidial secession schizolytic; aseptate conidia, solitary, brown, reddish brown to black, acropleurogenous, ellipsoid, ovoid, globose to oblong (Monteiro et al. 2014). No other species have been introduced to this genus, which remains monotypic. In addition, no DNA sequences are available, and fresh collections [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 272, Aureovirgo   Aureovirgo J.A. van der Linde, Z.W. de Beer & Jol. Roux Citation when using this entry: Perera et al. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, genera described in 2016. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig 1 Classification: Ophiostomataceae, Ophiostomatales, Diaporthomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi van der Linde et al. (2016) introduced the monotypic genus Aureovirgo to accommodate A. volantis, based on ITS, LSU, and tub2 markers. Aureovirgo volantis associated with Cyrtogenius africus galleries in diseased Euphorbia ingens (van der Linde et al. 2016). Bases of immature ascomata are honeycolored and become fuscous when mature with dark necks. Ostiolar hyphae are hyaline. Ascospores are allantoid that have ellipsoidal sheaths. Aureovirgo forms a leptographium-like asexual morph. Conidiophores are mononematous and hyaline, with a simple and cylindrical stipe. Conidia are oblong-elliptical and oval ovate (van der Linde et [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 132 Auricularia   Auricularia Bull. Citation if using this entry: Bera et al. (in prep) Basidiomycota. Mycosphere. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Basidiomycota, Agaricomycetes, Auriculariales, Auriculariaceae The Latin meaning of "Auricularia" translates to "ear-shaped things". This etymology aptly encapsulates the distinct appearance of the genus. Generally, all the species of this genus form gelatinous or jelly-like textured, ear-shaped, or sometimes shelf-like basidiocarps. Frequently recognized by the names "jelly ear fungus" and "wood ear fungus," Auricularia was introduced by Pierre Bulliard in 1780 to accommodate all similar-looking mushrooms (Persoon 1822). Persoon (1822) refined the genus classification to encompass two solely gelatinous species: Auricularia mesenterica (Dicks.) Pers., which subsequently became the designated type species, and A. sambuci Pers., later recognized as a synonym for A. auricula-juda. With the growing count of species, Barrett (1910) [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 146 Auriscalpium    Auriscalpium Gray Citation if using this entry: Bera et al. (in prep) – Fungalpedia, Basidiomycota 1. Mycosphere. Index Fungorum, MycoBank, Facesoffungi, GenBank, Fig. 1 Auriscalpiaceae, Russulales, Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota, Fungi The term “Auriscalpium” was first used by Linnaeus (1753) as a specific epithet for the genus Hydnum L.  as H. auriscalpium L. but later Gray (1821) raised it to the generic level and renamed the same as Auriscalpium vulgare Gray. Auriscalpium retained its single-species status until Maas Geesteranus reinvigorated it through an extensive series of studies and established a few novel species (Maas Geesteranus 1962, 1963, 1964, 1966, 1971, 1974, 1976, 1978, Maas Geesteranus & Rammeloo 1979). The genus is characterized by its pale to dark brownish, hydnoid, laterally to centrally stipitate basidiocarps (Ryvarden 2001). The hymenium is spinoid producing ornamented, [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 523, Austroafricana   Austroafricana Quaedvl. & Crous Citation when using this data: Tibpromma et al. 2024 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Fungal pathogens. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1  Classification: Teratosphaeriaceae, Mycosphaerellales, Dothideomycetidae, Dothideomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi. Quaedvlieg et al. (2014) introduced Austroafricana within Teratosphaeriaceae in Mycosphaerellales with the type species Austroafricana associata based on combined ITS and LSU sequence data. Morphologically, Austroafricana is similar to Teratosphaeria, and it is difficult to identify characteristics to separate them (Quaedvlieg et al. 2014). Austroafricana characterized by subepidermal to erumpent, pseudothecial, black ascomata, fasciculate, bitunicate, obovoid to ellipsoidal, aparaphysate, but with remains of hamathecium visible asci, fusoid-ellipsoidal with obtuse ends, tri to multiseriate, overlapping medianly 1-septate, tapering towards both ends, but more prominently towards the lower end, with or without persistent mucus sheath ascospores (Quaedvlieg [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 446, Austroparmeliella   Austroparmeliella (P.M. Jørg.) P.M. Jørg.) Citation when using this data: Tibpromma et al. 2024 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Lichenicolous fungi. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1  Classification: Pannariaceae, Peltigerales, Lecanoromycetidae, Lecanoromycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi.  Based on phylogenetic and morphological analyses, Austroparmeliella was established, with A. lacerata as the type species (Ekman et al. 2014). Austroparmeliella is characterized by a bluish-grey thallus composed of cellular squamules with deeply incised and developed lace-like crust, grouped apothecia with red-brown disc and pale rim, colorless, flat subhymenium, I+ deep blue hymenium, cylindrical asci with amyloid ring, colorless, and most ellipsoid ascospores (Ekman et al. 2014). Based on the phylogeny of Ekman et al. (2014), this genus sister-group relationship with Psorophorus differs in the hemiamyloid hymenia and in forming thalline apothecial margins. Currently, five species [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 117 Austropleospora   Austropleospora R.G. Shivas & L. Morin Citation when using this entry: Fallahi et al., in prep – Fungalpedia, new genera and higher taxa in 2010. Mycosphere. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig 1, 2. Austropleospora was placed in Pleosporales without being assigned to any family by Morin et al. (2010) and was typified by Austropleospora osteospermi R.G. Shivas & L. Morin (synonym: Hendersonia osteospermi Wakef.).  Thambugala et al. (2014) reexamined the holotype of Austropleospora osteospermi and based on morphological similarity, placed Austropleospora in Pleosporaceae. Ariyawansa et al. (2015) removed Austropleospora from Pleosporaceae and included it in Didymosphaeriaceae. Austropleospora osteospermi was introduced with both sexual and asexual morphs, and reported for the first time in coastal regions of New South Wales in Australia, on leaf spots of Chrysanthemoides monilifera (an invasive plant), which caused severe necrosis (Morin et al. 2010). The [...]