FungalpediaNote

Fungalpedia – Note 255, Involutisporonites (Fossil Fungi)   Involutisporonites R.T. Clarke.  Citation when using this entry: Saxena RK & Hyde KD. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, Fossil Fungi.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Fossil Fungi, Incertae sedis The monotypic fossil genus Involutisporonites was instituted by Clarke (1965) from the Late Cretaceous (100–66 mya) sediments of Canon City Coalfield, Fremont County, Colorado, USA. The genus accommodates planispiral fungal spores having lobate individual cells and simple septa with an opening through each septum. Elsik (1968) emended the generic diagnosis to include monoporate, psilate, multiseptate, coiled fungal spores. Kalgutkar & Jansonius (2000) proposed an elaborated emended diagnosis to include coiled, transversely septate and multicellate, fungal spores. Individual cells (8-10 µm in diameter) are of variable shapes. Septal pores may or may not be present. Terminal cell, if [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 462, Irineochytrium    Irineochytrium Letcher, Longcore & M.J. Powell Citation when using this data: Tibpromma et al. 2024 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Chytridiomycota. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1  Classification: Chytridiaceae, Chytridiales, Chytridiomycetidae, Chytridiomycetes, Chytridiomycotina, Chytridiomycota, Fungi. Based on DNA sequencing and ultrastructural analyses, Letcher et al. (2014) identified Irineochytrium as a monotypic genus within Chytridiaceae and Chytridiales in Chytridiomycetes with the type species I. annulatum. This species was initially described as Chytriomyces annulatus by Dogma (1970). Dogma (1970) placed Chytriomyces annulatus under Chytriomyces because it is epibiotic and operculate. Chytriomyces annulatus is widely reported worldwide (Dogma 1969, Booth & Barrett 1976, Letcher & Powell 2002) as a distinctive organism with a pyriform sporangium in which the sporangial wall is ornamented with multiple collar-like annulations typically proximal to the rhizoidal axis, a feature that has not [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 413, Isalonactis   Isalonactis Ertz, Tehler, Eb. Fisch., Killmann, Razafindr. & Sérus. Citation when using this data: Tibpromma et al. 2024 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Ascomycota. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1           Classification: Roccellaceae, Arthoniales, Arthoniomycetidae, Arthoniomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi. Based on morphological and phylogenetic analysis of LSU and RPB2, Isalonactis was introduced by Damien et al. (2014) as a monotypic genus within Roccellaceae, with the type species Isalonactis madagascariensis. Currently, only one species is accepted in this genus with only a sexual morph, which was collected from sheltered siliceous rocks in Madagascar (Damien et al. 2014). Isalonactis is mainly characterized by crustose, noncorticate, often sorediate thallus containing psoromic acid, tiny white pruinose ascomata with a thalline margin, an inconspicuous excipulum, a pale brown hypothecium, 3-septate hyaline ascospores, and curved filiform conidia (Damien et al. 2014). Phylogenetically, Isalonactis is closely related to Lecanactis and Chiodecton. However, Isalonactis differs from Lecanactis by [...]

Fungalpedia - Note  517, Johnalcornia   Johnalcornia Y.P. Tan & R.G. Shivas Citation when using this data: Tibpromma et al. 2024 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Ascomata. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1  Classification: Pleosporaceae, Pleosporales, Pleosporomycetidae, Dothideomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi. Based on the combined multilocus alignment (ITS, GAPDH, LSU, and TEF-1α) and ultrastructural analyses, Tan et al. (2014) introduced Johnalcornia as a monotypic genus within Pleosporaceae and Pleosporales in Dothideomycetes with the type species Johnalcornia aberrans. Johnalcornia is characterized by cylindrical, solitary or in fascicles, straight to flexuous conidiophores, proliferating sympodially, cylindrical, smooth to verruculose, with thickened and conspicuous scars conidiogenous, straight to curved, solitary, distoseptate, first conidial septum median or submedian, second conidial septum delimiting the apical cell, third septum basal conidia, globose with a short neck ascomata, cylindrical to fusoid asci, tightly coiled, filiform, hyaline [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 493, Juncigenaceae    Juncigenaceae E.B.G. Jones, Abdel-Wahab & K.L. Pang Citation when using this data: Tibpromma et al. (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Ascomata.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1  Classification: Incertae sedis, Incertae sedis, Hypocreomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi. Juncigenaceae was introduced by Jones et al. (2014) to accommodate Juncigena as the type genus and to include the genera Fulvocentrum, Marinokulati and Moheitospora. Juncigenaceae members mainly have been found on driftwood collected from the intertidal zone, submerged sea grasses and brown alga (Abdel-Wahab et al. 2010, Poli et al. 2019). Mostly species have perithecial, globose, subglobose, ovoid to pyriform, subcoriaceous to coriaceous ascomata, unitunicate, clavate, cymbiform, cylindrical to fusiform, short pedicellate asci with or without apical ring and 1-3 seriate, hyaline, ellipsoidal, clavate to fusiform, unicellular, or 1–4-septate ascospores. Asexual morph is hyphomycetous and [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 111 Juxtiphoma   Juxtiphoma Valenzuela-Lopez, Cano, Crous, Guarro & Stchigel Citation when using this entry: Yasanthika et al., in prep – Genera of soil fungi. Mycosphere. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig 1, 2. Juxtiphoma (Didymellaceae, Pleosporales) was introduced by Valenzuela-Lopez et al. (2018) with the type species J. eupyrena (≡ Phoma eupyrena) based on multigene phylogeny (LSU, ITS, tub2 and rpb2) and morphological support. Three species have been accepted in this genus (Index Fungorum 2023). The asexual morph is characterized by brown pycnidial conidiomata with a wall of cells of textura angularis. Conidiogenous cells are phialidic, hyaline and ampulliform forming aseptate, hyaline, smooth- and thin-walled, ovoid, ellipsoidal or cylindrical, biguttulate conidia. The sexual morph is undetermined (Domsch et al. 1993). Juxtiphoma is characterized by chlamydospores which are important for isolating species from soil particles. They are aseptate, ochraceous-brown, single or in chains, subglobose, barrel-shaped [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 56 Kalapuya   Kalapuya M.J. Trappe, Trappe & Bonito Citation if using this entry: Fallahi et al. (2023) New genera in 2010-2011. Mycosphere (in prep) Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig 1. The monotypic truffle genus Kalapuya was described by Trappe et al. (2010) in Morchellaceae (Pezizales). The genus was known only from the Pacific northwestern United States with Kalapuya brunnea, as the type species. It was found in Douglas-fir forests on the west slope of the Cascade Range in Oregon and in the Coastal Ranges of Oregon and northern California. It features a firm whitish gleba with a roughened, warty, reddish brown to brown peridium. As the spores mature, the gleba acquires grayish-brown mottling and has a cheesy-garlicky odor. The spores are ellipsoid and smooth, similar to Morchella spp. Asci are ellipsoid to globose, nonamyloid, with a forked base, and contain 6–8 [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 177 Kalviwadithyrites (Fossil Fungi)   Kalviwadithyrites Rao in Saxena.  Citation when using this data: Saxena RK & Hyde KD. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, Fossil Fungi.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Microthyriaceae, Microthyriales, Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota, Fossil Fungi. The monotypic fossil genus Kalviwadithyrites was instituted by Rao (2003) based on specimens from the Sindhudurg Formation (Miocene, 23–5 mya) in Kalviwadi, Sindhudurg District, Maharashtra, India. However, Rao (2003) failed to validly publish the generic name Kalviwadithyrites, because he did not include information on where the holotype of its type species was stored (Turland et al. 2018: Art. 40.7). Subsequently, Saxena (2012) validated Kalviwadithyrites and its type species by providing the missing validation information. Kalviwadithyrites is characterized by a subcircular to circular, dimidiate, and non-ostiolate cleistothecium. Two types of non-porate cells are present: marginal cells are rectangular to polygonal, larger [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 468, Kamienskia    Kamienskia Błaszk., Chwat & Kovács Citation when using this data: Tibpromma et al. 2024 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Glomeromycota. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1  Classification: Glomeraceae, Glomerales, Incertae sedis, Glomeromycetes, Glomeromycotina, Glomeromycota, Fungi. Based on morphological studies with mycorrhizal structures and phylogenetic analyses, the new genus Kamienskia was introduced to accommodate Glomus bistratum and G. perpusillum by Błaszkowski et al. (2014), named as K. bistrata (type species) and K. perpusilla. A third new species, K. divaricata, was introduced by Błaszkowski et al. (2016). However, Corazon-Guivin et al. (2019) transferred K. divaricata and K. perpusilla to Microkamienskia, as they formed an independent branch with the type species M. peruviana based on phylogenetic analyses of the partial SSU, ITS, and LSU rDNA sequences. Kamienskia and Microkamienskia species can be recognized by their small hyaline spores and [...]

  Fungalpedia – Note 316, Kastanostachys   Kastanostachys L. Lombard & Crous Citation when using this entry: Perera et al. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, genera described in 2016.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Stachybotryaceae, Hypocreales, Hypocreomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi             Considering the ascomatal morphology Réblová (1998) transferred Melanomma aterrima to Chaetosphaeria (Chaetosphaeriaceae) by providing new name combination, Chaetosphaeria aterrima. Later, Lombard et al. (2016) established the monotypic genus Kastanostachys in Stachybotryaceae for Chaetosphaeria aterrima, based on the phylogenetic inference of cmdA, ITS, rpb2 and tub2 markers. Kastanostachys is characterized by perithecial ascomata that are superficial on the substrate with a slightly immersed base and arranged solitarily or in groups of 2–4. Ascomata are globose to subglobose, black, glabrous, ostiolate, papillate. They possess conidiophores comparable to those emerging from substrates. The peridium consists [...]