Fungalpedia – Note 623, Morenoina
Morenoina Theiss.,
Citation when using this data: D. S. Marasinghe et al. 2023 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Ascomycota.
Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank.
Classification: Asterinaceae, Asterinales, Dothideomycetidae, Dothideomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi
Epiphytic on the surface of leaves or stem appearing as blackened areas. Sexual morph: Thyriothecia superficial, black, solitary or gregarious, easily detach from the host surface, elongated, Y-shaped, X-shaped or star shaped, opening by X- or Y-shaped or linear fissure, with a poorly developed basal layer. Upper wall composed of dark, linear cells which are branched at the margin, from the center to the outer rim. Hamathecium lacking pseudoparaphyses. Asci bitunicate, 8-spored, globose, ovoid, clavate or subglobose to oblong, apedicellate, fissitunicate dehiscence and ocular chamber not observed. Ascospores 2–3 seriate, overlapping, oblong to obvoid, hyaline, 1-septum, constricted at the septum. Asexual morph: Pycnothyria circular, radially scutellate. Conidiogenous cells holoblastic, simple, hyaline. Conidia cylindrical, hyaline, single-celled (Ellis 1980; Hongsanan et al. 2014a).
Notes: Morenoina was introduced by Theiss (1913) and later placed in Leptopeltidaceae and Asterinaceae (von Arx and Muller 1975; Lumbsch and Huhndorf 2010). Species of Morenoina is characterized by superficial, elongated, Y-shaped, X-shaped or star-shaped, thyriothecia without appressorial hyphae, 8-spored, globose, ovoid, clavate or subglobose asci with 1-septum, hyaline to pale- yellow ascospores. Morenoina is morphologically similar to Brunneofissura by elongated, Y-shaped, X-shaped or star-shaped thyriothecia with 1-septum hyaline ascospores (Marasinghe et al. 2022b). However, Morenoina differs from Brunneofissura lacking appressoriate hyphae, pale brown to yellow ascospores and pale brown linear fissure. Hongsanan et al. (2014a) designated an epitype and placed the genus in Aulographaceae based on morphology. However, the molecular data of M. calamicola (MFLUCC 14–1162) and M. palmicola (MFLUCC 15–0284) shows their placement in Asterinales. According to our phylogenetic analysis, Morenoina forms an independent lineage sister to Stictographaceae with high statistical support (96% ML BS, 1.00 BY PP) Fig. 1).
Type species: Morenoina antarctica (Speg.) Theiss., Annls mycol. 11(5): 434 (1913).
Other accepted species: Species Fungorum – search Morenoina.
Figure 1 – Phylogenetic tree generated from maximum likelihood analysis based on LSU and ITS sequence data for 273 strains representing epifoliar fungal species in Dothideomycetes, Eurotiomycetes, Lecanoromycetes and Sordariomycetes. Armillaria mellea (GLM 45831) was used as the outgroup taxon. The tree topology of the maximum-likelihood analysis is similar to the Bayesian analysis. Bootstrap support values for maximum likelihood (ML) equal to or greater than 90% are given above or below the nodes. Branches with Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP) equal to or higher than 0.90 are given above or below the nodes. The hyphen (“–”) indicates a value lower than 90% for ML BS or 0.90 for BY PP. Ex-type, holotype and ex-epitype strains are in bold. Epifoliar taxa of each clades are in red
References
Ellis JP 1980 – The genus Morenoina in Britain. Trans Br Mycol Soc 74:297–307.
Hongsanan S, Li YM, Liu JK et al 2014a – Revision of genera in Asterinales. Fungal Divers 68:1–68.
Lumbsch HT, Huhndorf SM 2010 – Outline of Ascomycota 2009. Myconet 14:1–64.
Entry by
Diana Sandamali Marasinghe, Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand, Mushroom Research Foundation, 128 M.3 Ban Pa Deng T. Pa Pae, A. Mae Taeng, Chiang Mai, 50150, Thailand
Published online 29 August 2023