Fungalpedia – Note 453, Gyrographa
Gyrographa Ertz & Tehler
Citation when using this data: Tibpromma et al. 2024 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Ascomata.
Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1
Classification: Roccellaceae, Arthoniales, Arthoniomycetidae, Arthoniomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi.
Gyrographa was introduced to accommodate two Opegrapha species having thickened carbonized hypothecium or basal excipulum and lacking gelatinous perispores, and Gyrographa gyrocarpa as the type species (Ertz et al. 2015). Currently, four species of Gyrographa are recorded in the Index Fungorum (2024). Gyrographa gyrocarpa and G. saxigena occur on siliceous rocks in western Europe and Macaronesia; the former also in North America, while the latter is known from Turkey. Later, Gyrographa nigrofusca was identified as a third species from evergreen rainforests in India; it lacks lichen substances (Jagadeesh 2016). Recently, the fourth species Gyrographa fecunda was proposed by McCarthy et al. (2022) as saxicolous lichen fungi from Australia. Gyrographa is characterized by thallus are crustose, corticolous or non-corticate, with knot-like or clustered-gyrose to lirelliform ascomata, mostly solitary, sessile, black, epruinose, hymenial disc epruinose, rarely exposed. Excipulum dark brown to black, K+ olivaceous. Ramified and anastomosed paraphysoids, apical cells often swollen, branched and anastomosing. Cylindrical to clavate asci, fissitunicate, 4–8-spored, ellipsoid to fusiform or slightly clavate ascospores, hyaline, straight, septate (Ertz et al. 2015, Jagadeesh 2016, McCarthy et al. 2022). Thallus has been reported chemistry reactions by TLC (Ertz et al. 2015, McCarthy et al. 2022).
Type species: Gyrographa gyrocarpa (Flot.) Ertz & Tehler
Other accepted species: Species Fungorum – search Gyrographa
Figure 1 – Morphology of Gyrographa gyrocarpa. a Appearance of ascomata on substrates. b Longitudinal section through an ascoma with asci. c Ascospores. Scale bars: a = 5000 μm, b, c = 100 μm. Redrawn from Ertz et al. (2015).
References
Entry by
Lu L, Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, China; Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand. 3 School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand.
(Edited by Saowaluck Tibpromma, Samaneh Chaharmiri-Dokhaharani, & Achala R. Rathnayaka)
Published online 2 December 2024