Fungalpedia – Note 642, Capnodium
Capnodium Mont.
Citation when using this data: D. S. Marasinghe et al. 2023 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Ascomycota.
Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank.
Classification: Capnodiaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetidae, Dothideomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi
Saprobic and epiphytic on sugary exudates from insects growing on leaves. Superficial mycelium loose or densely arranged, pale brown, thick pseudoparenchymatous stroma, with sexual and asexual states often growing together. Sexual morph: Ascomata superficial, scattered or gregarious, brown to dark brown or black, globose to ellipsoidal, short-stalked or sessile, ostiolate, setae lacking. Peridium composed of dark brown to pale brown, thick-walled cells forming a textura angularis. Hamathecium lacking pseudoparaphyses. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, clavate, ovoid or saccate, sessile, lacking an ocular chamber. Ascospores overlapping bi-seriate, brown, usually 3-septate, oblong or ovoid and some reniform, transversely septate with one or more vertical septa or without vertical septa. Asexual morph: Pycnidia superficial, dark brown, wide at the base, arising from dense mycelia, elongate, often long-stalked. Conidiogenous cells formed in the swollen base. Conidia hyaline, ellipsoidal, 1- celled with or without guttules (Fig. 1), (Abdollahzadeh et al. 2020).
Notes: Montagne (1849) established Capnodium with the type species of Fumago citri. Chomnunti et al. (2014) accepted Polychaeton was regarded as the asexual of Capnodium. later, Abdollahzadeh et al. (2020) confirmed the phylogenetic significance of Polychaeton based on molecular data and accepted them as separate genera. Rossman et al. (2016) treated Fumagospora as an additional synonym of Capnodium. Chomnunti et al. (2014) re-examined the herbarium specimens of Capnodium citri ([K(M) 172364) and Capnodium tiliae (Herbier Fuckel no. 899 1894) providing detailed descriptions with illustrations. The sexual morph of Capnodium tiliae morphologically differs from Chaetocapnodium and Conidiocarpus in having glabrous ascomata, and brown 3-septate ascospores while both have setose ascomata with hyaline ascospores.
Capnodium sugen. Capnodaria Sacc., Syll. Fung. (Abellini) 1:74 (1882).
Fumago sect. Polychaeton Pers., Mycol. eur. (Erlanga)1: 9 (1822).
Fumagospora G. Arnaud, Annals d’École Nationald’Agric. de Montpellier, Série 2 10(4): 326 (1911).
Morfea Roze, Bull. Soc. bot. Fr. 14: 21 (1867).
Morfea (G. Arnaud) Cif. & Bat., in Batista & Ciferri, Saccardoa 2: 153 (1963).
Type species: Capnodium citri Berk. & Desm., in Berkeley, J Rl HortSoc 4: 11 (1849).
Other accepted species: Species Fungorum – search Capnodium.
Figure 1 – Capnodium coartatum a Pycnidia. b Conidia. Scale bars: e = 20 μm. Redrawn from Chomnunti et al. (2014)
References
Chomnunti P, Hongsanan S, Aguirre-Hudson B et al 2014 – The sooty moulds. Fungal Divers 66:1–36.
Montagne C 1849 – Capnodium, novum Fungorum genus. Ann Mag Nat Hist 3:520–520.
Entry by
Diana Sandamali Marasinghe, Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand, Mushroom Research Foundation, 128 M.3 Ban Pa Deng T. Pa Pae, A. Mae Taeng, Chiang Mai, 50150, Thailand
Published online 29 August 2023