Fungalpedia – Note 626, Calothyriopsis
Calothyriopsis Höhn.
Citation when using this data: D. S. Marasinghe et al. 2023 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Ascomycota.
Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1
Classification: Microthyriaceae, Microthyriales, Incertae sedis, Dothideomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi
Epiphytic and biotrophic on leaves appearing as blackened dots. Mycelium superficial lacking appressoria, but penetrate host tissue to form haustoria. Sexual morph: Thyriothecia superficial, circular, scattered, membranaceous to slightly carbonaceous, black to black-brown, basal peridium poorly developed, ostiole present. Upper wall consisting of loose irregularly arranged parallel cells arranged from the central ostiole to the outer rim. Peridium composed of 2 layers, outer cell layer with blackish to brown pseudoparenchymatous cells of compact textura prismatica and inner layer composed of light-brown cells of textura angularis. Hamathecium composed of short, hyaline, branched pseudoparaphyses embedded in mucilage. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, obclavate, apedicellate and lacking a distinct ocular chamber, not bluing in IKI. Ascospores over- lapping, 2-seriate, hyaline, 1-septum, the upper cell wider than lower cell, rough-walled (Wu et al. 2011a). Asexual morph: Undetermined.
Notes: Calothyriopsis was formally established by Höhnel (1919) with the type species C. conferta which was previously assigned as M. confertum. Müller and von Arx (1962), von Arx and Müller (1975) and Lumbsch and Huhndorf (2010) placed Calothyriopsis in Microthyriaceae. However, Calothyriopsis morphologically resembles Asterinales in having superficial hyphae with appressoria-like branches, orbicular thyriothecia with 1-septum ascospores. However, it differs from Asterina by membranous to slightly carbonaceous, ostiolate thyriothecia, short, hyaline, branched pseudoparaphyses and cylindrical clavate ascospores with hyaline ascospores (Fig. 1). Wu et al. (2011a) mentioned the placement of Calothyriopsis in Microthyriaceae was questionable. Herein, we transfer this genus to Asterinales incertae sedis based on its morphology resembling Asterinales than Microthyriales.
Type species: Calothyriopsis conferta (Theiss.) Höhn., Sber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-naturw. Kl., Abt. 1 128(7–8): 552 (1919).
≡ Microthyrium confertum Theiss., Annls mycol. 7(4): 352 (1909).
Other accepted species: Species Fungorum – search Calothyriopsis.
Figure 1 – Calothyriopsis conferta (holotype). a Appearance of colony and ascomata on the host surface. b Ascus. c Ascospore. Scale bars: a = 500 μm, b = 10 μm, c = 5 μm. Redrawn from Wu et al. (2011a)
References
Lumbsch HT, Huhndorf SM 2010 – Outline of Ascomycota 2009. Myconet 14:1–64.
Müller E, von Arx JA 1962 – Beitr Kryptogamenfl Schweiz 11:1–922.
von Höhnel F 1919 – Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft 36.
Entry by
Diana Sandamali Marasinghe, Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand, Mushroom Research Foundation, 128 M.3 Ban Pa Deng T. Pa Pae, A. Mae Taeng, Chiang Mai, 50150, Thailand
Published online 29 August 2023