FungalpediaNote

Fungalpedia – Note 394, Monticola   Monticola Selbmann & Egidi  Citation when using this data: Tibpromma et al. 2024 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Rock-inhabiting fungi. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1           Classification: Incertae sedis, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetidae, Dothideomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi Based on Bayesian analyses of LSU, rpb2, ITS, and BT2 sequences, Egidi et al. (2014) introduced Monticola, with Monticolaelongata as the type species, within the Teratosphaeriaceae. This was further acknowledged in subsequent studies by Wijayawardene et al. (2014, 2022) and Crous et al. (2019). Monticola is a monotypic genus, based solely on the species M. elongata, which was isolated from rocks in Antarctica and mountain tops, environments characterized by extremely cold temperatures for the majority of the year. Monticola is distinguished by its slow-growing, greyish-black colonies with a sharp margin. The colonies are greyish on [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 142 Morellospora   Morellospora D. Corsaro, J. Walochnik, D. Venditti, B. Hauröder, R. Michel  Citation when using this entry: Shah et al. (in prep) – Fungalpedia, new genera in 2020. Mycosphere              Incertae sedis, Incertae sedis, Incertae sedis, Rozellidea, Paramycia, Choanozoa Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig 1.             The monotypic genus Morellospora was introduced by Corsaro et al. (2020) with an uncertain position in Microsporidia, Protozoa. The strain was isolated from an amoebae, Saccamoeba sp. found in the bark of a plane tree at Sayn near Bendorf, Mayen-Koblenz District, Western Germany (Corsaro et al. 2020).    Figure 1 – Morphological characteristics of Morellospora saccamoebae (intracytoplasmic parasite) (redrawn from Corsaro et al. 2020). a Cyst with spine-like structure. b Parasitosphorous vacuoles bearing spores without flagella, microsporidial structure with polar filament, curves polar sacs and [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 278, Mucispora   Mucispora Jing Yang, Bhat & K.D. Hyde Citation when using this entry: Perera et al. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, genera described in 2016.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Fuscosporellaceae, Fuscosporellales, Hypocreomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi Yang et al. (2016) introduced the hyphomycetous genus Mucispora, with M. obscuriseptata as the type. Mucispora is characterized by effuse, dark brown and hairy colonies. The mycelium is partly superficial and partly immersed, consisting of branched, septate, pale brown to dark brown hyphae. Macronematous mononematous conidiophores occur solitarily or in small groups on compactly aggregated cells. They are simple, erect, cylindrical, septate, brown, straight or somewhat flexuous, and smooth-walled. Some cells have percurrent proliferation. Conidiogenous cells are monoblastic, holoblastic, integrated, terminal, cylindrical, pale brown and smooth-walled. The conidia are acrogenous, solitary, simple, and ellipsoidal [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 522, Mucomycosphaerella   Mucomycosphaerella Quaedvl. & Crous Citation when using this data: Tibpromma et al. 2024 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Ascomata. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank Classification: Mycosphaerellaceae, Mycosphaerellales, Dothideomycetidae, Dothideomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi. Based on combined LSU and RPB2 sequence data and morphological analyses, Quaedvlieg et al. (2014) introduced Mucomycosphaerella to Mycosphaerellaceae to accommodate Mucomycosphaerella eurypotami. Mucomycosphaerella is a monotypic genus, and characterized by depressed ellipsoidal, immersed becoming erumpent, solitary or in clusters of two or more joined together ascomata, sparse hamathecium, indistinctly pedicellate, bitunicate, fissitunicate, thick-walled, expanding endotunica, tough ectotunica and a thick gelatinous asci, elongate ellipsoidal, 1-septate, bi- to triseriate, slightly constricted at the septum, with one additional pseudoseptum in each cell, surrounded by a gelatinous sheath that is constricted around the septum ascospores (Quaedvlieg et al. 2014). In [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 237, Multicellites (Fossil Fungi)   Multicellites Kalgutkar & Janson.  Citation when using this entry: Saxena RK & Hyde KD. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, Fossil Fungi. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Fossil Ascomycota, Fungi Incertae sedis Multicellites was proposed by Kalgutkar & Jansonius (2000) to include multicellate, uniserial, and inaperturate fungal spores with three to many cells. Terminal cells are usually rounded, and spore walls are usually smooth and of medium thickness, usually thinner than the septa (or septal bases). Septa generally perforate, or with septal folds. Kalgutkar & Jansonius (2000) designated Multicellites tener (Ke & Shi 1978) Kalgutkar & Janson. 2000 (=Multicellaesporites tener Ke & Shi 1978) as the type species of this genus. They accepted the generic diagnosis of Multicellaesporites, as emended by Kumar (1990), who stated that the genus has a tendency to bear a longitudinal slit or furrow. Kalgutkar & [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 134 Multifurca   Multifurca Buyck & V. Hofst. Citation if using this entry: Bera et al. (in prep) Basidiomycota. Mycosphere Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Basidiomycota, Agaricomycetes, Russulales, Russulaceae The traditional concept of the family Russulaceae was revolutionized with the introduction of the multi-locus (nrITS, nrLSU, rpb2) phylogenetic analysis by Buyck et al. (2008). One of the major consequences of this was the erection of the genus Multifurca out of the two pre-existing agaricoid genera Lactarius Pers., and Russula Pers. to minimize the phylogenetic and nomenclatural disparity (Buyck et al. 2008, 2010). The strongly-supported monophyletic clade comprising members of Russula subsect. Ochricompactae Bills & O.K. Mill. and one species of Lactarius, L. furcatus Coker was accommodated under Multifurca (Buyck et al. 2008).  This genus is a “hybrid” of Russula and Lactarius as it contains both lactarioid and russuloid [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 358, Murilentithecium   Murilentithecium Wanas., Camporesi, E.B.G. Jones & K.D. Hyde Citation when using this data: Tibpromma et al. 2024 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Parasites. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1           Classification: Lentitheciaceae, Pleosporales, Pleosporomycetidae, Dothideomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi Murilentithecium was established by Wanasinghe et al. (2014) using the type species Murilentithecium clematidis, based on morphology and phylogeny (LSU, SSU, TEF1, and RPB2). Later, two more species were accepted in this genus (M. lonicerae and M. rosae), and members of this genus were found in dead plant materials in China and Italy (Wanasinghe et al. 2018, Phookamsak et al. 2019). The sexual morph of Murilentithecium is characterized by coriaceous, dark brown to black ascomata, with a thick peridium and short neck; pseudoparaphyses numerous, filamentous, septate; ascospores have longitudinal and transverse septa, hyaline, muriform, yellowish-brown to brown (Wanasinghe et al. 2014). The asexual morph of Murilentithecium is described as pycnidial, solitary, dark brown, [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 346, Mycetinis   Mycetinis Earle             Citation if using this entry: Bera et al. 2024 (in prep)–Fungalpedia, Basidiomycota 1 Index Fungorum, Mycobank, GenBank, Fig.1 Classification: Omphalotaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetidae, Agaricomycetes, Agaricomycotina, Basidiomycota, Fungi             Earle (1909) found Mycetinis, designating Mycetinis alliaceus as the type species, which is globally distributed and saprobic in nature (Peterson & Hughes 2017). Index Fungorum (2024) documented 27 records of Mycetinis; however, Wijayawardene et al. (2022) only accepted 15 species. The pileus is smooth, ranging in color from burnt reddish to brownish, becoming paler towards the margin, and initially strongly convex to globose, but with maturity, it expands to shallow convex, plane, or somewhat everted (Peterson & Hughes 2017). The lamellae are ventricose-shaped but become distinctly wavy when [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 77 Mycoprotein   Mycoprotein Citation when using this entry: Niranjan et al., in prep – Fungalpedia, more than 300 beneficial uses of fungi. Mycosphere. Mycoprotein has been produced since the 1960s from Fusarium venenatum and has been marketed under the trade name Quorn in several countries (Finnigan et al. 2019, Derbyshire 2022). Mycoprotein is a whole-food protein with high fiber, rich in essential amino acids, vitamins, beta-glucan and micronutrients and these are listed in Table 1 (Finnigan et al. 2019). It is also low in calories, saturated fatty acids, sodium and cholesterol (Souza Filho et al. 2019). Mycoproteins differ from single cell proteins in that filamentous hyphae are used as proteins rather than single cells (Biocyclopedia, Fellows 2009). There are many fungi capable of producing single cell proteins (Amara & Ei-Baky [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 264,  Mycozygosporangia (Fossil Fungi)   Mycozygosporangia Kar et al.  Citation when using this data: Saxena RK & Hyde KD. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, Fossil Fungi.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Fungi Incertae sedis The monotypic fossil genus, Mycozygosporangia was instituted by Kar et al. (2010) from the Bhuban Formation (Miocene, 23–5 mya) of Tlangsam, Mizoram, India. The genus includes light-dark brown, subcircular-circular zygosporangia (22–48 × 20–46 μm), often attached with two opposite hyphae, sporangia wall 2–4 μm thick, psilate, and often weakly intrastructured. According to Kar et al. (2010), the attachment of two hyphae opposite to each other to the sporangium led to the speculation that sexual conjugation occurred, resulting in the formation of the sporangium. Derivation of name: Mykes (Gr.) = fungus, zygos (Gr.) = yoke. Type species: Mycozygosporangia laevigata Kar et [...]