FungalpediaNote

  Fungalpedia – Note 315, Inaequalispora   Inaequalispora L. Lombard & Crous  Citation when using this entry: Perera et al. 2024 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, genera described in 2016.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Stachybotryaceae, Hypocreales, Hypocreomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi.             Lombard et al. (2016) introduced Inaequalispora based on Myrothecium prestonii, which clustered distant to the Myrothecium s.str. clade in the analysis of cmdA, ITS, rpb2, and tub2 loci. Subsequently another two species were added to the genus (Lombard et al. 2016; Gordillo & Decock 2017). Inaequalispora species produce sporodochial conidiomata that are stromatic, superficial, and scattered or gregarious on substrates. Sporodochia are orbicular or irregular in shape with a white setose fringe encircle an olivaceous green to dark green slimy mass of conidia. The stroma is weakly developed and hyaline with an [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 342, Incertisporites (Fossil fungi)   Incertisporites Hammen 1954. Citation when using this data: Saxena RK & Hyde KD. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, Fossil Fungi.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Fossil Fungi, Incertae sedis, Amerosporae. The monotypic fossil genus Incertisporite was instituted by Hammen (1954) from the Maastrichtian (72–66 mya) sediments of the Magdalena Valley, Eastern Cordillera, Colombia, South America. Incertisporite includes fungal spores of indefinite type. Type species: Incertisporites polygranulatus Hammen 1954.     Figure 1 – Incertisporites polygranulatus. Scale bar = 20 μm. Redrawn from Van der Hammen (1954).   References Van der Hammen T. 1954 – El desarrollo de la flora Colombiana en los periodos geologicos–1. Maestrichtiano hasta Terciaro mas inferior (Una investigacion Palinologica de la formacion de Guaduas y equivalentes). Boletin Geologico (Bogota) 2(1), 49–106.   Entry by Ramesh K. Saxena, Birbal [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 396, Incertomyces   Incertomyces Egidi & Zucconi  Citation when using this data: Tibpromma et al. 2024 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Rock-inhabiting fungi. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Incertae sedis, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetidae, Dothideomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi. Incertomyces was established by Egidi et al. (2014), with Incertomyces perditus designated as its type species. Utilizing Bayesian analysis of LSU, rpb2, ITS, and BT2 sequences, Egidi et al. (2014) demonstrated that Incertomyces is positioned within the Teratosphaeriaceae. Incertomyces was introduced with two species: I. perditus and I. vagans. Incertomyces species are rock-inhabiting fungi that were isolated from rocks in Monte Rosa, Italy (Egidi et al. 2014, Crous et al. 2019). Initially, the generic name Incertomyces was considered invalid under Article 40.7 (Shenzhen) of the nomenclatural rules, as introduced by Egidi et al. (2014). This issue was later rectified by Crous et [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 255, Involutisporonites (Fossil Fungi)   Involutisporonites R.T. Clarke.  Citation when using this entry: Saxena RK & Hyde KD. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, Fossil Fungi.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Fossil Fungi, Incertae sedis The monotypic fossil genus Involutisporonites was instituted by Clarke (1965) from the Late Cretaceous (100–66 mya) sediments of Canon City Coalfield, Fremont County, Colorado, USA. The genus accommodates planispiral fungal spores having lobate individual cells and simple septa with an opening through each septum. Elsik (1968) emended the generic diagnosis to include monoporate, psilate, multiseptate, coiled fungal spores. Kalgutkar & Jansonius (2000) proposed an elaborated emended diagnosis to include coiled, transversely septate and multicellate, fungal spores. Individual cells (8-10 µm in diameter) are of variable shapes. Septal pores may or may not be present. Terminal cell, if [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 111 Juxtiphoma   Juxtiphoma Valenzuela-Lopez, Cano, Crous, Guarro & Stchigel Citation when using this entry: Yasanthika et al., in prep – Genera of soil fungi. Mycosphere. Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig 1, 2. Juxtiphoma (Didymellaceae, Pleosporales) was introduced by Valenzuela-Lopez et al. (2018) with the type species J. eupyrena (≡ Phoma eupyrena) based on multigene phylogeny (LSU, ITS, tub2 and rpb2) and morphological support. Three species have been accepted in this genus (Index Fungorum 2023). The asexual morph is characterized by brown pycnidial conidiomata with a wall of cells of textura angularis. Conidiogenous cells are phialidic, hyaline and ampulliform forming aseptate, hyaline, smooth- and thin-walled, ovoid, ellipsoidal or cylindrical, biguttulate conidia. The sexual morph is undetermined (Domsch et al. 1993). Juxtiphoma is characterized by chlamydospores which are important for isolating species from soil particles. They are aseptate, ochraceous-brown, single or in chains, subglobose, barrel-shaped [...]

Fungalpedia - Note 56 Kalapuya   Kalapuya M.J. Trappe, Trappe & Bonito Citation if using this entry: Fallahi et al. (2023) New genera in 2010-2011. Mycosphere (in prep) Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig 1. The monotypic truffle genus Kalapuya was described by Trappe et al. (2010) in Morchellaceae (Pezizales). The genus was known only from the Pacific northwestern United States with Kalapuya brunnea, as the type species. It was found in Douglas-fir forests on the west slope of the Cascade Range in Oregon and in the Coastal Ranges of Oregon and northern California. It features a firm whitish gleba with a roughened, warty, reddish brown to brown peridium. As the spores mature, the gleba acquires grayish-brown mottling and has a cheesy-garlicky odor. The spores are ellipsoid and smooth, similar to Morchella spp. Asci are ellipsoid to globose, nonamyloid, with a forked base, and contain 6–8 [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 177 Kalviwadithyrites (Fossil Fungi)   Kalviwadithyrites Rao in Saxena.  Citation when using this data: Saxena RK & Hyde KD. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, Fossil Fungi.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Microthyriaceae, Microthyriales, Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota, Fossil Fungi. The monotypic fossil genus Kalviwadithyrites was instituted by Rao (2003) based on specimens from the Sindhudurg Formation (Miocene, 23–5 mya) in Kalviwadi, Sindhudurg District, Maharashtra, India. However, Rao (2003) failed to validly publish the generic name Kalviwadithyrites, because he did not include information on where the holotype of its type species was stored (Turland et al. 2018: Art. 40.7). Subsequently, Saxena (2012) validated Kalviwadithyrites and its type species by providing the missing validation information. Kalviwadithyrites is characterized by a subcircular to circular, dimidiate, and non-ostiolate cleistothecium. Two types of non-porate cells are present: marginal cells are rectangular to polygonal, larger [...]

  Fungalpedia – Note 316, Kastanostachys   Kastanostachys L. Lombard & Crous Citation when using this entry: Perera et al. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, genera described in 2016.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Stachybotryaceae, Hypocreales, Hypocreomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi             Considering the ascomatal morphology Réblová (1998) transferred Melanomma aterrima to Chaetosphaeria (Chaetosphaeriaceae) by providing new name combination, Chaetosphaeria aterrima. Later, Lombard et al. (2016) established the monotypic genus Kastanostachys in Stachybotryaceae for Chaetosphaeria aterrima, based on the phylogenetic inference of cmdA, ITS, rpb2 and tub2 markers. Kastanostachys is characterized by perithecial ascomata that are superficial on the substrate with a slightly immersed base and arranged solitarily or in groups of 2–4. Ascomata are globose to subglobose, black, glabrous, ostiolate, papillate. They possess conidiophores comparable to those emerging from substrates. The peridium consists [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 300, Katherinomyces   Katherinomyces Khodos Citation when using this entry: Perera et al. 2024 (in prep) – Fungalpedia, genera described in 2016.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1 Classification: Incertae sedis, Incertae sedis, Incertae sedis, Incertae sedis, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi Katherinomyces cetrariae is a lichenicolous species associated with Cetraria aculeate (Khodosovtsev et al. 2016). Khodosovtsev et al. (2016) incorrectly published the names Katherinomyces and K. cetrariae since the provided MycoBank identifier was for the genus and no identifier had been obtained for the species. Later, Khodosovtsev et al. (2018) validated the names by providing MycoBank identifiers for the species and the genus. The genus is characterized by light brownish, immersed vegetative hyphae. Conidiomata are stromatic with brownish walls. Conidiophores are brown, short and poorly developed. Conidiogenous cells are broadly ellipsoid, bacilliform or [...]

Fungalpedia – Note 178, Koshalia (Fossil Fungi)   Koshalia S. Sarkar & V. Prasad. Citation when using this data: Saxena RK & Hyde KD in prep – Fungalpedia, Fossil Fungi.  Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig. 1             Classification: Microthyriales, Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota, Fossil Fungi. The monotypic fossil genus Koshalia was described from the Subathu Formation (Late Ypresian, 56–52 mya) at Koshalia Nala near Koti, Shimla Hills, Himachal Pradesh, India (Sarkar & Prasad 2003). This genus is characterized by subspherical and multilayered thyriothecia (9–10 cells arranged in compact rings around an ostiole). Marginal cells are extremely large, while inner cells are small and subcircular. Only one species listed in Index Fungorum (2023) under this genus. Type species: Koshalia enigmata  S. Sarkar, and V. Prasad.     Figure 1 – Koshalia enigmata. Scale bar = 20 μm. Redrawn from Sarkar & Prasad (2003). [...]