Xyladelphia

Fungalpedia – Note 2847, Xyladelphia

Xyladelphia. Réblová, A.N. Mill. & Hern.-Restr.

Citation when using this data: Wenping W et al. 2022 – Fungalpedia.

Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank

Classification: Chaetosphaeriaceae, Chaetosphaeriales, Sordariomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi

Colonies effuse, hairy, dark brown. Teleomorph: Ascomata subglobose to broadly ovoid, papillate, dark brown, separate, superficial, papillate. Setae sparse, scattered, brown, multiseptate, slender, tapering to an acute apex. Ascomatal wall of textura epidermoidea in surface view in water, and in lactophenol, composed of pseudoparenchymatic cells, with a thin, light-colored outer coating. Paraphyses sparse, unbranched, hyaline, septate. Asci cylindro-clavate, short-stalked, unitunicate, thin-walled, broad apical cap, with 8 ascospores irregularly arranged. Ascospores hyaline, broadly fusiform to ellipsoid, rounded ends, aseptate, rarely one-septate. Anamorph: Setae sterile, straight, smooth- and thick-walled, tapering gradually towards the pointed apex, septate, uniformly brown except at the ultimate or penultimate cells which are dark brown. Conidiophores macronematous, mononematous, simple, crowded, erect, straight, or slightly flexuous, pale brown to brown, becoming pale brown towards the apex, septate, dark brown but becoming paler towards the apex, thin- and smooth-walled. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal, monophialidic, cylindrical, pale brown, thin-walled, ending in a flared collarette which is funnel-shaped. Conidia holoblastic, acrogenous, solitary, formed in droplet surrounding the tips of conidiogenous cells, falcate but asymmetrical, slightly curved, narrowing sharply and attenuated towards the basal end, aseptate, hyaline, smooth, multiguttulate, without or with setulae at each end of the conidium (Adapted from Réblová et al. 2021).

Ecology/Substrate/Host: Saprobe on dead plant material.

Geographical distribution: Asia, New Zealand, South America.

Description and illustration: Réblová et al. (2021).

Notes: Xyladelphia is a recently created genus to include Chaetosphaeria longiseta with both teleomorph and anamorph known (Fernández and Huhndorf 2005; Réblová et al. 2021). The anamorph is Codinaea-like fungus, which produces sterile setae with darker ultimate and/or penultimate cells, short conidiophores bearing terminal monophialidic conidiogenous cells, and hyaline, aseptate, guttulate and falcate conidia with one setulae at each end. They are phylogenetically very different from other species assigned to Codinaea, Dictyochaeta and related genera (Fernández & Huhndorf 2005; Lin et al. 2019; Réblová et al. 2021). In our phylogenetic analysis, three Codinaea-like fungal species are clustered together with Dictyochaeta brevis and Xyladelphia longiseta as a strongly supported clade. Morphologically, all these species share very similar morphological characters with Xyladelphia longiseta, such versicolorous setae, shorter conidiophores associated with setae, terminal and monoor poly-phialidic conidiogenous cells, and hyaline, aseptate, multiguttulate conidia with or without setulae Apart from the type species, we add another 3 new species to the genus Xyladelphia. Several species among many described Codinaea/Dictyochaeta species show morphological similarity with Xyladelphia in sterile setae with a darker ultimate or penultimate cell and acute apex, short conidiophores, and falcate and multiguttulate conidia, such as D. intermedia, D. vittata and Codinaea state of Chaetosphaeria pulchriseta (Hughes and Kendrick 1968; Hewings & Crane 1981; Kuthubutheen and Nawawi 1991a,b,c,d,e; Whitton et al. 2000; Fernández & Huhndorf 2005; Cruz et al. 2008). They are transferred to the genus Xyladelphia and an identification key is provided.

Key to all accepted species of Xyladelphia

1. Conidia without or with inconspicuous setulae……………………………………………………..………………2

1. Conidia with setulae………………………………………………………………………………………….………5

2. Setae uniformly brown except for the darker apical cell……………………………………………X. pluriguttulata

2. Setae uniformly brown except at the significantly darker penultimate cell…………………………………………3

3. Setae up to 360 μm long; conidia more or less symmetrical, 23–29 × 2.4–3 μm……………….….…X. pulchriseta

3. Setae up to 250 μm long; conidia asymmetrical………………………………………………….…………………4

4. Conidia15–20 × 2.3–2.5 μm………………………………………………………………………………X. sinensis

4. Setae 156–240 μm long; conidia 22–25 × 2.3–2.5 μm……………………………………………X. parapulchriseta

5. Conidia 25–32 × 2.5–3 μm; setulae 10–12 μm long…………………………………………..……………X. vittata

5. Conidia less than 25 μm long; setulae less than 10 μm long………………………………….……………………6

6. Conidia 18–21 × 1.5–2.5 μm; setulae 3.5–6.5 μm long………………………………………..………X. intermedia

6. Conidia 21.3–24.8 × 2.4–2.9 μm; setulae 5–8.3 μm long…………………………………………X. longiseta

Type species: Xyladelphia longiseta (F.A. Fernández & Huhndorf) Réblová, A.N. Mill. & Hern.-Restr., in Réblová, Kolařík, Nekvindová, Réblová, Sklenář, Miller, Hernández-Restrepo, J. Fungi 7(12, no. 1097): 91 (2021)

Other accepted species: Species Fungorum – search Xyladelphia.

References

Cruz ACR, Leão-Ferreira SM, Barbosa FR, Gusmão LFP 2008 – Conidial fungi from semi-arid Caatinga biome of Brazil. New and interesting Dictyochaeta species. Mycotaxon 106:15–27.

Fernández FA, Huhndorf SM 2005 – New species of Chaetosphaeria, Melanopsammella and Tainosphaeria gen nov from the Americas. Fungal Divers 18:15–57.

Hewings AD, Crane JL 1981 – The genus Codinaea. Three new species from the Americas. Mycotaxon 13:419–427.

Hughes SJ, Kendrick WB 1968 – New Zealand fungi 12 Menispora, Codinaea, Menisporopsis. N Z J Bot 6:323–375.

Kuthubutheen AJ, Nawawi A 1991a – A key to Dictyochaeta and Codinaea species. Mycol Res 95:1224–1229.

Kuthubutheen AJ, Nawawi A 1991b – Three new species of Dictyochaeta with non-setose conidiophores and non-septate setulate conidia from Malaysia. Mycol Res 95:104–107.

Kuthubutheen AJ, Nawawi A 1991c – Dictyochaeta guadalcanalensis comb nov and several new records of the genus in Malaysia. Mycol Res 95:1220–1223.

Kuthubutheen AJ, Nawawi A 1991d – Dictyochaeta macrospora sp. nov.: A litter-inhabiting hyphomycete from Malaysia. Mycol Res 95:248–250.

Kuthubutheen AJ, Nawawi A 1991e – Eight new species of Dictyochaeta (hyphomycetes) from Malaysia. Mycol Res 95:1211–1219.

Lin CG, McKenzie EHC, Liu JK, Jones EBG, Hyde KD 2019 – Hyaline-spored chaetosphaeriaceous hyphomycetes from Thailand and China, with a review of the family Chaetosphaeriaceae. Mycosphere 10:655–700.