Fungalpedia – Note 1993, Tilachlidiaceae

 

Tilachlidiaceae L. Lombard & Crous

Citation when using this data: Hyde KD et al. 2020 – Fungalpedia, Ascomycota.

Index FungorumFacesoffungiMycoBankGenBank.

Classification: HypocrealesHypocreomycetidae, SordariomycetesPezizomycotinaAscomycota, Fungi

Saprobic or parasitic on other fungi, entomogenous on lepidopterous insects, associated with bryophytes, or isolated from soil. Sexual morph: Ascomata arising directly from the mycelium or formed on loosely arranged stromata, perithecial, KOH-. Ostiole apapillate. Asci 6– 8-spored, clavate or cylindrical, short pedicellate. Ascospores hyaline to yellow, irregularly ovoid or ellipsoidal, muriform, 2–13 celled, with 1–5 transverse septa. Asexual morph: Hyphomycetous. Conidiophores synnematous or acremonium-like. Synnemata when present simple to branched, Conidiophores synnematous or acremonium-like. Synnemata when present simple to branched, cylindrical, narrowing towards the apex, consisting of bundles of parallel, longitudinal, closely compacted hyphae, with 1–4 phialides. Phialides scattered, cymbiform to cylindrical or allantoid, aseptate or septate, sometimes with obvious collarettes, narrowing towards the apex, sometimes integrated in septate branches, hyaline to yellow, smooth or becoming verrucose. Conidia fusiform to ellipsoid to subcylindrical or oblong, 0–7-septate, with distinct hilum at both ends, hyaline to yellow, smooth to finely ornamented, with or without mucoid sheath, formed in chains or agglutinating into large sphaerical or irregular white masses (adapted from Lombard et al. 2015).

Notes: Tilachlidiaceae was introduced to accommodate two synnematous genera, Septofusidium and Tilachlidium, supported by phylogenetic analysis (Lombard et al. 2015). Gams (1971) had classified Tilachlidium as a member of Hypocreales family incertae sedis, whereas Septofusidium was placed in Nectriaceae based on morphology. These two genera share similar asexual morph characters and are saprobic or parasitic on other fungi (Petch 1931bMains 1951Gams 1971Samson 1974Sun et al. 2019). They produce synnematous asexual morphs with hyaline conidia

Type genus: Tilachlidium Preuss.

 

References

Gams W. 1971 – Cephalosporium-artige Schimmelpilze (Hyphomycetes). Gustav Fischer Verlag. Stuttgart, Germany 1–262.

Lombard L, Van der Merwe NA, Groenewald JZ, Crous PW. 2015 – Generic concepts in Nectriaceae. Studies in Mycology 80, 189–245.

Mains EB. 1951 – Entomogenous species of Hirsutella, Tilachlidium and Synnematium. Mycologia 43, 691–718.

Petch T. 1931b – Notes on entomogenous fungi. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 16, 55–75.

Samson RA. 1974 – Paecilomyces and some allied Hyphomycetes. Studies in Mycology 6, 1–119.

Sun JZ, Liu XZ, McKenzie EHC, Jeewon R et al. 2019 – Fungicolous fungi: terminology, diversity, distribution, evolution, and species checklist. Fungal Diversity 95, 337–430.

 

Entry by

Kevin David Hyde, Institute of Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510225, P.R. China, Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand, Mushroom Research Foundation, 128 M.3 Ban Pa Deng T. Pa Pae, A. Mae Taeng, Chiang Mai 50150, Thailand, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, P.R. China, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand, World Agroforestry Centre, East and Central Asia, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, P.R. China

 

Published online 16 March 2026