Fungalpedia – Note 2044, Teratosphaeriaceae

 

Teratosphaeriaceae. Crous & U. Braun.

Citation when using this data: Hongsanan S et al. 2020 – Fungalpedia, Ascomycota.

Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank

Classification: Mycosphaerellales, Dothideomycetidae, Dothideomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi

 

Sexual morph: Ascomata superficial to immersed, with in a stroma of brown pseudoparenchymatal cells, globose, unilocular, papillate, ostiolate, canal periphysate, with periphysoids frequently present. Perdium comprises several layers of brown cells of textura angularis, inner layer of flattened, hyaline cells. Pseudoparaphyses frequently present, subcylindrical, branched, septate, anastomosing. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, fasciculate, frequently with multi-layered endotunica. Ascospores ellipsoid or fusoid to obovoid, septate, hyaline, but becoming pale brown and verruculose, frequently covered in mucoid sheath. Asexual morph: Coelomycetous or hyphomycetous. Conidiomata acervular or pycnidial in coelomycetes, none or sporodochial in hyphomycetes. Conidiomata wall composed of brown globose to angular cells. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells, mono- or polyblastic, brown, branched or unbranched. Conidiogenous cells arthric or holoblastic or percurrent proliferation or annellidic, brown. Conidia branched or unbranched chains or solitary, oval, avicular to clavate, or ellipsoid in shape, sometimes with marginal frill, 0–1-septate, brown, verruculose to smooth-walled. 

Notes – Teratosphaeriaceae was introduced by Crous et al. (2007a) to accommodate Teratosphaeria (with readeriella-like asexual morphs) and 11 asexual genera. Subsequent studies by Crous et al. (2009d, e, 2011c, d), Crous & Groenewald (2011), Quaedvlieg et al. (2014) and Videira et al. (2016) added several genera into the family. Among the families in Dothideomycetes, Teratosphaeriaceae is one of the largest comprising approximately 60 genera (Wijayawardene et al. 2020). Members of the family are reported with only sexual morphs or as coelomycetous or hyphomycetous morphs (i.e. pleomorphism) (Wijayawardene et al. 2017a). Teratosphaeria has both coelomycetous (Kirramyces and Colletogloeopsis asexual morphs), and hyphomycetous (Batcheloromyces-like) asexual morphs (Crous et al. 2009a, b). The members of Teratosphaeriaceae have a broad range of life modes including saprobes, plant and human pathogens, rock-inhabiting, and endophytes (Crous et al. 2009d, e, 2011c, d, Egidi et al. 2014, Quaedvlieg et al. 2014). Hence, some of the taxa have been recognized as ‘extremophilic’ (e.g. Constantinomyces fide Egidi et al. 2014). 

Bryochiton has been treated as a member in Pseudoperisporiaceae by Hyde et al. (2017) and Wijayawardene et al. (2018). However, in our phylogenetic analyses, Bryochiton monascus, the type species of Bryochiton groups in Teratosphaeriaceae. Two strains of B. perpusillus (CBS 126798 and M202) also reside in Teratosphaeriaceae but are distinct from B. monascus. Thus, we conclude that Bryochiton is paraphyletic in Teratosphaeriaceae. In Wijayawardene et al. (2018), Ramopenidiella has been accepted as in Teratosphaeriaceae. However, in our analyses (Fig. 24), Ramopenidiella clusters outside. Teratosphaeriaceae and as the sister clade to Extremaceae. Hence, we regard Ramopenidiella as Capnodiales genera incertae sedis. Fodinomyces and Phacellium have been mistakenly listed as members of Teratosphaeriaceae in Wijayawardene et al. (2018). Kolařík et al. (2015) regarded Fodinomyces as a synonym of Acidiella while Phacellium was regarded as a synonym of Ramularia by Videira et al. (2017).

 

Type genus: Teratosphaeria Syd. & P. Syd.

Other accepted species: Species Fungorum – search Teratosphaeriaceae.

 

References

Crous PW, Braun U, Groenewald JZ. 2007a – Mycosphaerella is polyphyletic. Studies in Mycology 58, 1–32.

Crous PW, Carnegie AJ, Wingfield MJ, Sharma R et al. 2019a – Fungal Planet description sheets: 868–950. Persoonia 42, 291–473.

Crous PW, Groenewald JZ, Summerell BA et al. 2009b – Co-occurring species of Teratosphaeria on Eucalyptus. Persoonia 22, 38–48.

Crous PW, Groenewald JZ. 2011 – Why everlastings don’t last. Persoonia 26, 70–84.

Crous PW, Summerell BA, Carnegie AJ, Wingfield MJ, Groenewald JZ. 2009d – Novel species of Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae. Persoonia 23, 119–146.

Crous PW, Summerell BA, Carnegie AJ, Wingfield MJ. 2009e – Unravelling Mycosphaerella: do you believe in genera? Persoonia 23, 99–118.

Crous PW, Summerell BA, Swart L, Denman S et al. 2011c – Fungal pathogens of Proteaceae. Persoonia 27, 20–45.

Crous PW, Tanaka K, Summerelp BA, Groenewald JZ. 2011d – Additions to the Mycosphaerella complex. IMA Fungus 2, 49–64.

Egidi E, Hoog GS de, Isola D, Onofri S et al. 2014 – Phylogeny and taxonomy of meristematic rock-inhabiting black fungi in the Dothideomycetes based on multi-locus phylogenies. Fungal Diversity 65, 127–165.

Hyde KD, Norphanphoun C, Abreu VP, Bazzicalupo A et al. 2017 – Fungal diversity notes 603–708: Taxonomic and phylogenetic notes on genera and species. Fungal Diversity 87, 1–235.

Kolařík MI, Hujslová MA, Vazquéz-Campos XA. 2015 – Acidotolerant genus Fodinomyces (Ascomycota: Capnodiales) is a synonym of Acidiella. Czech Mycology 67, 37–38

Quaedvlieg W, Binder M, Groenewald JZ, Summerell BA et al. 2014 – Introducing the consolidated species concept to resolve species in the Teratosphaeriaceae. Persoonia 33, 1–40.

Quaedvlieg W, Binder M, Groenewald JZ, Summerell BA et al. 2014 – Introducing the consolidated species concept to resolve species in the Teratosphaeriaceae. Persoonia 33, 1–40.

rous PW, Summerell BA, Carnegie AJ, Wingfield MJ, Groenewald JZ. 2009d – Novel species of Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae. Persoonia 23, 119–146.

Videira SI, Groenewald JZ, Braun U, Shin HD, Crous PW. 2016 – All that glitters is not Ramularia. Studies in Mycology 83, 49–163.

Videira SIR, Groenewald JZ, Nakashima C, Braun U et al. 2017 – Mycosphaerellaceae–Chaos or clarity? Studies in Mycology 87, 257–421.

Wijayawardene NN, Hyde KD, Al-Ani LKT, Tedersoo L et al. 2020 – Outline of Fungi and fungi-like taxa. Mycosphere 11, 1060–1456.

Wijayawardene NN, Hyde KD, Lumbsch HT, Liu JK et al. 2018 – Outline of Ascomycota: 2017. Fungal Diversity 88, 167–263.

Wijayawardene NN, Hyde KD, Rajeshkumar KC, Hawksworth DL et al. 2017a – Notes for genera: Ascomycota. Fungal Diversity 86, 1–594.

 

Entry by

Sinang Hongsanan, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People’s Republic of China, Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50002, Thailand

 

Published online 23 March 2026

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