Fungalpedia – Note 1964, Rhamphoriaceae

 

Rhamphoriaceae. Réblová.

Citation when using this data: Hyde KD et al. 2020 – Fungalpedia, Ascomycota.

Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank

Classification: Annulatascales, Diaporthomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi

 

Saprobes on wood. Sexual morph: Ascomata perithecial, immersed or particularly erumpent becoming superficial, papillate or with a central cylindrical or rostrate neck. Ostiole periphysate. Peridium leathery to fragile, comprising two layers. Paraphyses consisting of septate, cylindrical paraphyses. Asci 8-spored, unitunicate, cylindrical or cylindrical-clavate, persistent, with a J-, apical ring. Ascospores overlapping uniseriate, hyaline or brown, ellipsoidal, obovoid, clavate, fusiform to fusiform-clavate, dictyoseptate or transversely septate, lacking mucilaginous sheaths or appendages, in some species ascospores may produce ascoconidia while in the asci (e.g. Rhamphoria pyriformis). Asexual morph: Hyphomycetous. Conidiophores macronematous or semi-macronematous, mononematous or loosely fasciculate. Conidiogenous cells producing conidia holoblastically, conidial secession rhexolytic on sympodially extending polyblastic conidiogenous cells, or schizolytic on monoblastic conidiogenous cells. Conidia hyaline (Rhamphoria, Rhamphoriopsis, Rhodoveronaea and Xylolentia) or brown (Linkosia multiseptum), aseptate or septate (adapted from Réblová & Štěpánek 2018).

Notes – Rhamphoriaceae was introduced by Réblová & Štěpánek (2018) with Rhamphoriaas the type genus and included the genera Rhamphoriopsis, Rhodoveronaea, Xylolentiaand a dematiaceous hyphomycete Linkosia multiseptum. They formed a monophyletic clade with high statistical support based on a combined dataset of SSU, LSU and rpb2sequences. Munk (1957) placed Rhamphoriain the subfamily Rhamphorioidae of the Diaporthaceae based on morphology. However, the position of Rhamphoriain the Sordariomycetes was uncertain (Lumbsch & Huhndorf 2010). A strongly supported monophyletic clade based on LSU sequence data of Rhamphoria delicatulaand Rhodoveronaea varioseptata was recovered and selected as members of the Sordariomycetidae (Réblová 2009). Despite Rhamphoria and Rhodoveronaea differing in sexual characters, their asexual morphs are similar dematiaceous hyphomycetes with same mode of conidiogenesis.

These genera (except for Linkosia) share a few features such as perithecial ascomata, absence of stromatic tissues or clypeus,similar anatomy of the two-layered peridium, unitunicate, pedicellate asci with a J-, apical ring, cylindrical paraphyses and dictyoseptate or transversely septate ascospores (Réblová & Štěpánek 2018).Linkosia multiseptum, on the other hand,lacks conidiophores, has distoseptate, thick-walled conidia and ampulliform, monoblastic conidiogenous cells. Based on the morphology, it is unexpected to place L.multiseptumin Rhamphoriaceae. Shenoy et al. (2006) suggested that Linkosia (Hernández-Gutiérrez & Sutton 1997) is polyphyletic, based on LSU sequence data. The most similar relatives of Rhamphoriaceae are members of the Sporidesmiaceae (Su et al. 2016b).

 

Type genus: Rhamphoria Niessl, Verh. nat. Ver. Brünn 14: 204 (1876).

Other accepted species: Species Fungorum – search Rhamphoriaceae.

 

References

Hernández-Gutiérrez A, Sutton BC. 1997 – Imimyces and Linkosia, two new genera segregated from Sporidesmium sensu lato, and redescription of Polydesmus. Mycological Research 101, 201–209.

Lumbsch HT, Huhndorf SM. 2010 – Myconet volume 14 Part One. Outline of Ascomycota-2009. Part two. Notes on Ascomycete systematics. Nos. 4751–5113. Fieldiana Life Earth Sciences 1, 1–64.

Munk A. 1957 – Danish Pyrenomycetes, A preliminary flora. Dansk Botanisk Arkiv 17, 1–491

Réblová M, Štěpánek V. 2018 – Introducing the Rhamphoriaceae fam. nov. (Sordariomycetes), two new genera and new life histories for taxa with Phaeoisaria– and Idriella-like anamorphs. Mycologia 110, 750–770.

Réblová M. 2009 – Teleomorph of Rhodoveronaea (Sordariomycetidae) discovered and reevaluation of Pleurophragmium. Fungal Diversity 36, 129–139.

Shenoy BD, Jeewon R, Wu WP, Bhat DJ, Hyde KD. 2006 – Ribosomal and RPB2 DNA sequence analyses suggest that Sporidesmium and morphologically similar genera are polyphyletic. Mycological Research 110, 916–928.

 

Entry by

Kevin David Hyde, Institute of Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510225, P.R. China, Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand, Mushroom Research Foundation, 128 M.3 Ban Pa Deng T. Pa Pae, A. Mae Taeng, Chiang Mai 50150, Thailand, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, P.R. China, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand, World Agroforestry Centre, East and Central Asia, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, P.R. China

 

Published online 11 March 2026

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