Fungalpedia – Note 2511, Phialemoniopsaceae
Phialemoniopsaceae. K.D. Hyde & Hongsanan.
Citation when using this data: Hyde KD et al. 2021 – Fungalpedia, Ascomycota.
Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank
Classification: Diaporthomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi
Asexual morph: Colonies growing moderately with aerial mycelium sparse or lacking, brown or grayish. Vegetative hyphae hyaline to brown, smooth- to rough-walled. Sporulation from conidiophores solitary, borne on undifferentiated hyphae from the aerial mycelium or grouped into sporodochium-like or pycnidium-like conidiomata growing on the agar surface. Conidiogenesis enteroblastic. Conidiophores simple or slightly branched, hyaline or pale brown. Conidiogenous cells monophialidic, discrete, terminal or lateral, cylindrical to flask-shaped, straight to slightly flexuose, or intercalary with a cylindrical lateral projection adelophialides), with collarettes, hyaline, subhyaline or brown with age. Setae usually present, forming a frill at the margin of open conidiomata or interspersed with conidiophores, simple or slightly branched, septate, straight to slight flexuose, hyaline, subhyaline to brown. Conidia one-celled, ellipsoidal, allantoid to obovoid, and slightly apiculate at the base, hyaline to subhyaline, smooth-walled, aggregated in slimy heads. Chlamydospores sometimes present. Sexual morph: unknown.
Notes: Phialemoniopsis was introduced by Perdomo et al. (2013) with four species and Phialemoniopsis ocularis as the type. Two additional species were later added in this genus by Tsang et al. (2014) and Su et al. (2016). Presently, six species are included in the genus. Species in this genus were reported from various habitats, such as, air, industrial and river water, plant materials, sewage, and soil. (Gams and McGinnis 1983; Crane et al. 1996; Halleen et al. 2007; Perdomo et al. 2013; Tsang et al. 2014; Su et al. 2016). They have been recorded as human pathogens and endophytes, four species were obtained from toenail, sinus, and eye of human (Tsang et al. 2014). The placement of this genus is not well-resolved. Previous studies placed this genus in Sordariomycetes, genera incertae sedis (Perdomo et al. 2013). Phylogenetic analysis in Luo et al. (2019) showed that Phialemoniopsis species clustered with Physalospora vaccinia with strong support within Diaporthomycetidae, our analyses obtained the same result, and divergence time estimates indicate that Phialemoniopsis diverged approximately 59 MYA, which accords with the range for families (Hyde et al. 2017). Therefore, we prefer to introduce a new family Phialemoniopsaceae to accommodate the genus and place it within Diaporthomycetidae. In our phylogenetic analyses, Physalospora vaccinia clustered with Phialemoniopsis species with high bootstrap support. However, the morphology of holotype specimen of this species is not available. Thus, we are unable to compare its morphology with Phialemoniopsis species. In addition, this strain is likely to be misidentified as it was not accepted in Physalospora. Further collections or re-examination of this strain is required to confirm this species can be included in Phialemoniopsis.
Type genus: Phialemoniopsis Perdomo, Dania Garcia, Gene, Cano & Guarro
References
Entry by
Kevin David Hyde, Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand, Research Centre of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Ultilization, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Innovative Institute of Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510225, PR China
Published online 28 May 2026