Fungalpedia – Note 2509, Conlariales

 

Conlariales. K.D. Hyde & Hongsanan.

Citation when using this data: Hyde KD et al. 2021 – Fungalpedia, Ascomycota.

Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank

Classification: Diaporthomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi

 

Saprobic on submerged wood. Sexual morph: Ascomata perithecioid, gregarious, coriaceous, superficial or partially immersed, dark brown to black, globose to subglobose, smooth. Ostiole elongate, cylindrical, straight or slightly flexuous. Peridium composed of several layers of cells of textura angularis, which are usually darker in the outer layer and pale in the inner layer. Paraphyses cylindrical, hyaline, septate, cells sometimes slightly inflated between the septa, branched, tapering or not, not embedded in a matrix. Asci 8-spored, unitunicate, cylindrical, short pedicellate, apically rounded, with a distinct, refractive, massive, barrel-shaped, apical ring. Ascospores biseriate, hyaline, fusiform, straight or slightly curved, aseptate to multi-septate, guttulate, without appendages or appendages at one or both ends. Asexual morph: Hyphomycetous. Colonies dark brown to black. Mycelium mostly immersed, consisting of branched, septate, thin-walled, smooth, pale brown to brown hyphae. Conidiophores micronematous or semi-macronematous, mononematous, septate or aseptate, unbranched or irregularly branched, straight or flexuous, hyaline, becoming brown when old. Conidiogenous cells holoblastic, determinate, doliiform, cylindrical. Conidia brown, muriform, irregularly globose or subglobose, septate, constricted at the septa (adapted from Zhang et al. 2017). 

Notes: Conlariaceae was introduced by Zhang et al. (2017) with a single genus, Conlarium F. Liu & L. Cai. The family was previously placed in Atractosporales by Zhang et al. (2017) based on phylogeny and divergence time estimates. However, recent studies have shown, Conlariaceae did not cluster with Atractosporales (Luo et al. 2019; Hyde et al. 2020a). Our phylogenetic analyses showed the same result, Conlariaceae formed a distinct clade separate from Atractosporales. Moreover, the divergence time estimates showed that the stem age (138 MYA) of this family falls within the order range (Hyde et al. 2017). We, therefore introduce a new order, Conlariales to accommodate this family.

 

Type family: Conlariaceae H. Zhang, K.D. Hyde & Maharachch.

Other accepted species: Species Fungorum – search Conlariales.

 

References

Hyde KD, Maharachchikumbura SS, Hongsanan S, Samarakoon MC, Lucking R, Pem D, Harishchandra D, Jeewon R, Zhao RL, Xu JC, Liu JK 2017 – The ranking of fungi: a tribute to David L. Hawksworth on his 70th birthday. Fungal Divers 84:1–23.

Luo ZL, Hyde KD, Liu JK, Maharachchikumbura SSN, Jeewon R, Bao DF, Bhat DJ, Lin CG, Li WL, Yang J, Liu NG, Lu YZ, Jayawardena RS, Li JF, Su HY 2019 – Freshwater Sordariomycetes. Fungal Divers 99:451–660.

Zhang H, Dong W, Hyde KD, Maharachchikumbura SSN, Hongsanan S, Bhat DJ, Al-Sadi AM, Zhang D 2017 – Towards a natural classification of Annulatascaceae-like taxa: introducing Atractosporales ord. nov. and six new families. Fungal Divers 85:75–110.

 

Entry by

Kevin David Hyde, Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand, Research Centre of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Ultilization, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Innovative Institute of Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510225, PR China

 

Published online 28 May 2026

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