Fungalpedia – Note 2923, Clibanites
Clibanites (P. Karst.) P. Karst., Bidr. Känn. Finl. Nat. Folk 19: 167 (1871).
Citation when using this data: Perera RH et al. 2023 – Fungalpedia.
Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig 1.
Classification Bionectriaceae, Hypocreales, Hypocreomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi.
Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph: Stromata superficial, composed of hyphae interwoven in the middle and the base, and highly compacted near the surface. Ascomata perithecial, embedded in a stroma, loosely joined in clusters up to 10, globose, dark yellow, not collapsing on drying, ostiolate. Ostioles apapillate, ostiolar canal lined with periphyses. Peridium of singal stratum, up to 10 µm thick, composed of several layers of small, flattened cells. Paraphyses lacking. Asci 8-spored, unitunicate, sessile, subcylindrical with a broad, blunt apex, with a J- apical ring. Ascospores bi-seriate, narrowly cylindrical, equally 1-septate, not constricted at septum, hyaline, smooth-walled. Asexual morph: Undetermined (adapted from Rossman et al. 1999).
Known distribution: Finland (Rossman et al. 1999)
Karsten (1871) introduced monotypic genus Clibanites for Clibanites paradoxa, which was collected from Quercus wood. He documented Clibanites paradoxa as a discomycete with sessile apothecia. However, Rossman et al. (1999) re-examined the type herbarium material and placed Clibanites in Bionectriaceae based on morphological features such as “small, thin-walled, pallid ascomata and not dissarticulating ascospores”. We also observed the type herbarium material of Clibanites paradoxa and made similar observations with Rossman et al. (1999). The genus is known only from the type species and no molecular data are available yet. The taxonomic treatment by Rossman et al. (1999) has been followed by many authors (Lumbsch and Huhndorf 2010; Hyde et al. 2020; Maharachchikumbura et al. 2015; 2016; Wijayawardene et al. 2020, 2022). The the placement of the genus needs verifying..
Type Clibanites paradoxa (P. Karst.) P. Karst., Bidr. Känn. Finl. Nat. Folk 19: 167 (1871).
Other accepted species: Species Fungorum – search Clibanites.
Figure 1 — Clibanites paradoxa (H6051508, holotype) a Herbarium material with label b Stromata on host surface c Transverse section of stroma with ascomata d Transverse section of an ascoma with ostiole e Transverse section of peridium f, g Asci h Ascus apex in Melzer’s reagent i–k Ascospores. Scale bars: b = 500 µm, c = 100 µm, d, e = 50 µm, f, g = 20 µm, h = 10 µm, i–k = 5 µm.
References
Karsten PA 1871 — Mycologia fennica. Finska Litteratur-sällskapets Tryckeri.
Rossman AY, Samuels GJ, Rogerson CT et al. 1999 — Genera of Bionectriaceae, Hypocreaceae and Nectriaceae (Hypocreales, Ascomycetes). Stud Mycol 42:1–248.
Entry by
Perera RH, Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou 550006, P. R. China, Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand, Mushroom Research Foundation, 128 M.3 Ban Pa Deng T. Pa Pae, A. Mae Taeng, Chiang Mai 50150, Thailand.
Published online 24 July 2026