Fungalpedia – Note 1108, Australiascaceae

 

Australiascaceae. Réblová & W. Gams.

Citation when using this data: Hyde KD et al. 2020 (in prep.) – Fungalpedia, Ascomycota.

Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank

Classification: Chaetosphaeriales, Sordariomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi

Pathogenic on tubers of sweet potato and saprobic on terrestrial plant leaves, branches, and on spathes and stipes of ferns. Sexual morph: Ascomata solitary to gregarious, brown to black, conical to obpyriform, glabrous or clothed with setae. Ostioles periphysate. Setae scant, acute, thick-walled, septate, dark brown. Peridium 2-layered, fragile, textura epidermoidea to prismatica in surface view. Paraphyses septate, persistent, branching. Asci 8-spored, unitunicate, cylindrical to clavate, short-pedicellate, apex truncate, with a distinct, shallow, J-, apical ring. Ascospores overlapping biseriate, hyaline, ellipsoidal to oblong, apiculate at both ends, septate, smooth-walled. Asexual morph: Hyphomycetous. Conidiophores macronematous, pale to dark brown, septate. Conidiogenous cells monophialidic, ampulliform to cylindrical, subhyaline, with minute collarette. Conidia ellipsoid to cylindrical-ellipsoidal, smooth-walled, hyaline, septate, aggregated in slime or in chains (adapted from Maharachchikumbura et al. 2016b).

Notes – The family was established in Glomerellales based on morphological and molecular DNA data, to accommodate the holomorphic genus Australiasca with its asexual morph Monilochaetes, with Dischloridium as its synonym (Réblová et al. 2011). The relationship between Monilochaetes and Dischloridium was suggested by Rong & Gams (2000). The correct name of the taxon is Monilochaetes (Maharachchikumbura et al. 2016b) as the name is older and more commonly used, especially in the plant pathological community. Based on both phylogenetic and MCC trees, the family is well-supported and related to the families Glomerellaceae, Plectosphaerellaceae and Reticulascaceae in Glomerellales and with a stem age of 256 MYA (Réblová et al. 2011, Maharachchikumbura et al. 2016b, Hongsanan et al. 2017).

Type genus: Monilochaetes Halst. ex Harter, J. Agric. Res., Washington 5: 791 (1916).

Other accepted species: Species Fungorum – search Australiascaceae.

 

References

Hongsanan S, Maharachchikumbura SSN, Hyde KD, Samarakoon MC et al. 2017 – An updated phylogeny of Sordariomycetes based on phylogenetic and molecular clock evidence. Fungal Diversity 84, 25–41.

Maharachchikumbura SSN, Hyde KD, Jones EBG, McKenzie EHC et al. 2016b – Families of Sordariomycetes. Fungal Diversity 79, 1–317.

Réblová M, Seifert KA. 2011 – Discovery of the teleomorph of the hyphomycete, Sterigmatobotrys macrocarpa, and epitypification of the genus to holomorphic status. Studies in Mycology 68, 193–202.

Rong IH, Gams W. 2000 – The hyphomycete genera Exochalara and Monilochaetes. Mycotaxon 76, 451–462.

 

Entry by

Kevin David Hyde, Institute of Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510225, P.R. China, Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand, Mushroom Research Foundation, 128 M.3 Ban Pa Deng T. Pa Pae, A. Mae Taeng, Chiang Mai 50150, Thailand, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, P.R. China, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand, World Agroforestry Centre, East and Central Asia, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, P.R. China

 

Published online 28 February 2020

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