Fungalpedia – Note 2938, Aquanectria
Aquanectria L. Lombard & Crous, in Lombard et al., Stud. Mycol. 80: 207 (2015).
Citation when using this data: Perera RH et al. 2023 – Fungalpedia.
Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank.
Classification Nectriaceae, Hypocreales, Hypocreomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi.
Saprobic on submerged plant debris in aquatic habitats. Sexual morph: Ascomata perithecial, superficial, solitary or aggregated in groups, ovate to subglobose, collapsing laterally upon drying, brown-orange to orange-red, ostiolate. Ostioles papillate. Paraphyses lacking. Asci 8-spored, cylindrical to clavate. Ascospores ellipsoid to fusiform, 1-septate, with a slight constriction at the septum, hyaline. Asexual morph: Hyphomycetous. Conidiophores erect, solitary, septate, branched, hyaline, with verticillate penicillus, bearing 1–4 phialides. Conidiogenous cells phialidic, cylindrical, with an evident periclinal thickening, collarette not flared, usually tubular. Conidia filiform, curved to variously sigmoid, 0–1-septate, hyaline, smooth-walled. Chlamydospores intercalary, guttulate, pale to dark brown, agglutinating to produce sclerotia (adapted from Ingold 1944; Lombard et al. 2015).
Known distribution: China (Huang et al. 2018), USA, Jamaica (Lombard et al. 2015), Ecuador, French Guiana, Singapore (Gordillo and Decock 2019).
Notes: Based on multigene analysis, Lombard et al. (2015) described the new aquatic genus Aquanectria for Flagellospora penicillioides and Heliscus submersus (Ranzoni 1956;, Hudson 1961). Later Huang et al. (2018) and Gordillo and Decock (2019) added another five species to the genus. Aquanectria species are morphologically closer to Gliocladiopsis species but distinct by longer, straight to sigmoid conidia.
Type species: Aquanectria penicillioides (Ingold) L. Lombard & Crous, in Lombard et al., Stud. Mycol. 80: 207 (2015).
Other accepted species: Species Fungorum – search Aquanectria.
References
Ingold CT 1944 – Some new aquatic hyphomycetes. Trans Brit Mycol Soc 27:35–47.
Ranzoni FV 1956 – The perfect stage of Flagellospora penicillioides. Am J Bot 43:13–17.
Entry by
Perera RH, Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou 550006, P. R. China, Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand, Mushroom Research Foundation, 128 M.3 Ban Pa Deng T. Pa Pae, A. Mae Taeng, Chiang Mai 50150, Thailand.
Published online 14 August 2026.