Fungalpedia – Note 2801, Apiospora

 

Apiospora. Sacc.

Citation when using this data: Samarakoon MC et al. 2021 – Fungalpedia.

Index Fungorum, Facesoffungi, MycoBank, GenBank, Fig 1

Classification: Apiosporaceae, Amphisphaeriales, Xylariomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi

Notes: Crous and Groenewald (2013) re-evaluated the morphology and phylogeny of Arthrinium (= Apiospora). Arthrinium species have densely arranged perithecial ascomata in a longitudinal stroma; clavate to broadly cylindrical asci and apiospores in the sexual and coelomycetous or hyphomycetous asexual morphs. The genus is widely distributed as endophytes, epiphytes, saprobes and plant pathogens on commercial crops and ornamentals (Crous and Groenewald 2013; Hyde et al. 2020b). Arthrinium was expanded with abundant sampling and isolation with morpho-phylo studies while accepting > 70 species in recent years (Hyde et al. 2020b). Pintos and Alvarado (2021) provided molecular data for the type species Ar. cariciola and accepted two genera as Apiospora and Arthrinium. Arthrinium species have variously shaped conidia and inhabit Cyperaceae or Juncaceae in temperate, cold or alpine habitats. Apiospora species have rounded/lenticular conidia and inhabit mainly on Poaceae (and many other plant host families) in a wide range of habitats, including tropical and subtropical regions. Nearly 20 Apiospora/Arthrinium species have been recorded from China (Senanayake et al. 2020; Farr and Rossman 2021; Feng et al. 2021).

Type species: Apiospora montagnei Sacc. 1875 (Designated by Clements & Shear, Gen. fung., Edn 2 (Minneapolis): 294. 1931).

Other accepted species: Species Fungorum – search Apiospora.

 

Figure 1 – Apiospora guiyangensis (HKAS 102403, holotype; CGMCC3.20365, ex-type living culture). a Substrate. b,c Stroma in dead substrate. d Longitudinal section through stroma. e Section through ascoma. f Peridium. g Paraphyses. h–l Asci (l in Melzer’s reagent). m–r Ascospores (r in Indian ink). s,t Conidiomata in culture. u–cc Conidia and conidiogenous cells. Scale bars: a = 1 cm, b,c = 1000 μm, s = 500 μm, t = 200 μm, d,e = 100 μm, f,h–l,u–cc = 20 μm, m–r = 10 μm, g = 5 μm.

 

References

Crous PW, Groenewald JZ 2013 – A phylogenetic re-evaluation of Arthrinium. IMA Fungus 4:133–154.

Farr DF, Rossman AY 2021 – Fungal Databases, U.S. National Fungus Collections, ARS, USDA. https://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases (Accessed on 10 March 2021).

Feng Y, Liu JK, Lin CG, Chen YY, Xiang MM, Liu ZY 2021 – Additions to the genus Arthrinium (Apiosporaceae) from bamboos in China. Front. Microbiol. 12:661281.

Hyde KD, Norphanphoun C, Maharachchikumbura SSN, Bhat DJ, Jones EBG, Bundhun D, Chen YJ, Bao DF, Boonmee S, Calabon MS, Chaiwan N, Chethana KWT, Dai DQ, Dayarathne MC, Devadatha B, Dissanayake AJ, Dissanayake LS, Doilom M, Dong W, Fan XL, Goonasekara ID, Hongsanan S, Huang SK, Jayawardena RS, Jeewon R, Karunarathna A, Konta S, Kumar V, Lin CG, Liu JK, Liu NG, Luangsa-ard J, Lumyong S, Luo ZL, Marasinghe DS, McKenzie EHC, Niego AGT, Niranjan M, Perera RH, Phukhamsakda C, Rathnayaka AR, Samarakoon MC, Samarakoon SMBC, Sarma VV, Senanayake IC, Shang QJ, Stadler M, Tibpromma S, Wanasinghe DN, Wei DP, Wijayawardene NN, Xiao YP, Yang J, Zeng XY, Zhang SN, Xiang MM 2020b – Refined families of Sordariomycetes. Mycosphere 11:305–1059.

Pintos Á, Alvarado P 2021 – Phylogenetic delimitation of Apiospora and Arthrinium. Fungal Syst Evol 7:197–221.

Senanayake IC, Bhat JD, Cheewangkoon R and Xie N 2020 – Bambusicolous Arthrinium species in Guangdong Province, China. Front. Microbiol. 11:602773.

 

Entry by

Milan C. Samarakoon, School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, P.R.

China

 

Published online 19 June 2026

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